GRE阅读难句背诵实例

小编今天整理了一些必背的GRE阅读难句，快来一起学习吧，下面小编就和大家分享，来欣赏一下吧。

GRE阅读难句背诵实例

1.That sex ratio will be favored which maximizes the numberof　descendants an individual will have and　hence the number of genecopies　transmitted.

那种性别比例能在最大程度上增加一个个体所能拥有的后代数量，并因此能在最大程度上增加所传递到后代身上去的基因复制品的数量。

2.Hardy’s weakness derived from his apparent inability to controlthe comings and goings of these divergent impulses and from hisunwillingness to cultivate and sustain the energetic and　risky ones.

哈代的缺陷一方面缘起于他的某种明显的无能，无法控制好那结不尽相同的创作冲动的穿梭往来;另一方面缘起于他不愿意去培养和维持那些富于生机活力和风险性强的创作冲动。

3.Virginia Woolf’s provocative statement about her intentions inwriting Mrs. Dalloway has regularly been　ignored by the critics，sinceit highlights an aspect of her literary interests very different fromthe traditional picture of the "poetic" novelist concerned withexamining states of reverie and vision and with following the intricatepathways of individual consciousness.

弗吉尼亚.伍尔夫(VirginiaWoolf)在创作《黛洛维夫人》(Mrs.Dalloway)时有关其创作意图的这番发人深思的陈述，迄今为止一贯为文学评论家们所忽略，因为它突出反映了她诸多文学兴趣中某一方面，而这一方面则与人们对“诗性”小说家(poeticnovelist)所形成的传统见解大相径庭。所谓的“诗性”小说家，所关注的是审视想入非非和白日梦幻的诸般状态，并致力于追寻个体意识的通幽曲径。

4.Although Gutman admits that forced separation by sale wasfrequent，he shows that the slaves’ preference，revealed most clearly onplantations where sale was infrequent，was very much for stablemonogamy.

虽然古特曼承认，由于奴隶买卖而造成的被迫离散甚为频繁，但他还是证明，奴隶的偏爱——在那些奴隶买卖并不频繁的种植园上被最为显著地揭示出来——在很大程度上侧重于稳定的一夫一妻制。

5.Gutman argues convincingly that the stability of the Blackfamily encouraged　the transmission of-and so was crucial insustaining-the Black heritage of folklore，music，and religiousexpression from one generation to another，a heritage that slaves werecontinually fashioning out of their African and American experiences.

古特曼人令人信服地论辨道，黑人家庭的稳定有助于包括民间传说、音乐、及宗教表达在内的黑人文化遗产一代一代传递下去，因而在维持文化遗产方面也起着至关重要的作用，而对于这种文化遗产，黑奴们不断地从其非洲和美洲的经历中予以丰富发展。

GRE阅读难句背诵实例

6.This preference for exogamy，Gutman suggests， may have derivedfrom　West African rules governing marriage，which，though they differedfrom one tribal group to another，all involved some kind of prohibitionagainst unions with close kin.

古特曼表示，这种对于外部通婚的偏爱很有可能缘起于西部非洲制约着婚姻的规定，尽管这些规定在一个和另一个部落群体之间不尽相同，但都涉及到某种对近亲联姻(union with close kin)的禁止。

7.His thesis works relatively well when applied to discriminationagainst Blacks in the United States，but his definition of racialprejudice as "racially-based negative prejudgments against a groupgenerally accepted as a race in any given region of ethniccompetition，" can be interpreted as also including hostility towardsuch ethnic groups as the Chinese in California and the Jews inmedieval Europe.

该社会学家的命题当被应用于针对美国黑人的歧视时，相对而言尚能适用，但他对种族偏见所下的定义——即“以种族为基础的、针对某个群体的消级的先入之见，而该群体在任何特定的种族竞争地区则被普遍认作一种族”——可被理解成同样也襄括了针对加利福尼亚州的中国人以及中世纪的犹太人这样一些种族群体的敌视态度。

8.In large part as a consequence of　the feministmovement，historians have focused a great deal of attention in recentyears on determining more accurately the status of women in　variousperiods.

在很大程度上，由于女权主义运动(feminist movement)的缘故，史学家近年来汇聚了大量的注意力，来更为准确地确定妇女在各个历史时期的地位。

11.Thus，for instance，it may come as a shock to mathematicians to learnthat the Schrodinger equation for the hydrogen atom is not a literallycorrect description of this atom，but only an approximation to asomewhat more correct equation taking account of spin，magneticdipole，and relativistic effects;and that this corrected　equation isitself only an imperfect approximation to an infinite set of　quantumfield-theoretical equations.

因此，举例来说，对数学家而言，了解到下述情形可能会令其惊愕不已，即薛定谔(Schrodinger)的氢原子方程式并非是对该原子作出的一种绝然正确的描述，而仅仅是个近似值，趋近于一个在某种程度上更为正确的将自旋、磁性偶极子、以及相对论效应考虑在内的方程式;而这个得以纠正的方程式就其本身而言也只是一个不完美的近似值，趋近于无穷无尽的一整套量子场论方程式。

GRE阅读难句背诵实例

12.The physicist rightly dreads precise argument，since an argumentthat is　convincing only if it is precise loses all its force if theassumptions on　which it is based are slightly changed，whereas anargument that is convincing though imprecise may well be stable undersmall perturbations of its underlying assumptions.

物理学家恐惧于那些精确无误的论据不无道理，因为某种只有在它是精确无误的条件下才令人置信的论据，一旦它赖于建立其上的假设稍有变化，便会失去它一部的作用;而与此相反，一个尽管并不精确无误但却令人置信的论据，在其基本假设(underlyingassumption)稍微受干扰的情况下，仍然有可能是站得住脚的。

13.However，as they gained cohesion，the Bluestockings came toregard themselves as a women’s group and to possess a sense of femalesolidarity lacking in the salonnieres，who remained isolated from oneanother by the primacy each held in her own salon.

起初，蓝袜女们确实模仿了法国沙龙女主人，将男性襄括到其小圈子中来。然则，随着她们获得的凝聚力，她们渐趋将自己视作一女性团体，并拥有了一种妇女团结意识，而这种意识在法国沙龙女主人身上则荡然无存，因为她们每个人在其自己的沙龙中自视甚高而彼此孤立隔绝开来。

14.As my own studies have advanced，I have been increasinglyimpressed with the functional similarities between insect andvertebrate societies and less so with the structural differences thatseem，at first glance，to constitute such an immense gulf between them.

随着我的研究不断深入，我对昆虫和脊椎动物群落之间的功能类似性印象愈来愈深刻，而对结构上的差异印象愈发淡漠，虽然这些结构上的差异初看上去似乎构成了二者间一条无法愈越的鸿沟。

15. Although fiction assuredly springs from politicalcircumstances，its authors react to those circumstances in ways otherthan ideological，and talking about novels and stories primarily asinstruments of ideology circumvents much of the fictional enterprise.

虽然小说无疑起源于政治情状，但其作者则是以非意识形态的方式对这些政治情状作出反应的，而将小说和故事主要地当作意识形态的工具来探讨，会在相当程度上阻碍小说事业。

16.Is this a defect，or are the authors working out of，or trying toforge，a different kind of aesthetic?

这究竟是一种缺陷呢，或者是否表明，这些作者是在按照一种与众不同的美学体系进行创作，抑或是在试图创立一种与众不同的美学体系?

17.Black Fiction surveys a wide variety of novels，bringing to ourattention in the　process some fascinating and little-known works likeJames Weldon　Johnson’s Autobiography of an Ex-Colored Man.

《黑人小说》考察了极为广泛的一系列小说，在此过程中让我们注意到了某些引人入胜但却鲜为人知的作品，如詹姆斯。韦尔登。约翰逊(James WeldonJohnson)的《一个曾经是有色人的自传》(Autobiography of an Ex-Colored Man)。

18.Although these molecules allow radiation at visible wavelengths，where most of the energy of sunlight is concentrated，to passthrough，they absorb some of the longer-wavelength，infrared emissionsradiated from the Earth’s surface，radiation that would　otherwise betransmitted back into space.

虽然这些分子允许可见波长(visiblewavelength)的辐射——阳光的绝大部分能量就汇集于此——不受阻挡地穿透，但它们却会吸收某些较长波长(longer-wavelength)，亦即从地球表面辐射出的红外发射(infraredcmission)，这种辐射若不是二氧化碳的缘故就会被重新输送回太空。

19.The role those anthropologists ascribe to evolution is not ofdictating　the details of human behavior but one　of imposingconstraints—ways of　feeling，thinking，and acting that"come naturally"in archetypal situations in any culture.

这些人类学家所归诸于生物进化的作用，不是规定人类行为的种.种细节，而是将各种限制强加于人类——即在任何文化的典型情景中都会“自然表露”的情感、思维、以及行动方式。

20.A low number of algal cells in the presence of a high number ofgrazers suggested，but did not prove， that the grazers　had removed mostof the algae.

在存在大量食草动物的同时却只有少量的水藻花粉囊，这暗示出——但没能证明——食草动物已吞噬了大部分水藻。

21.Studies by Hargrave and Geen estimated natural community graz-ingrates by measuring feeding rates of　individual zooplankton species inthe　laboratory and then computing community grazing rates for fieldconditions　using the known population density　of grazers.

由哈格雷夫(Hargrave)和吉恩(Geen)所进行的研究，对自然条件下的群落食草比例进行了估计，其手段是通过测量出实验室内单独的浮游动物种类的结食比例，然后利用已知的食草动物种群密度，计算出实地状况下的群落食草比例。

22.In the periods　of peak zooplankton abundance，that is，in the latespring and in the summer，Haney recorded maximum daily com-munitygrazing rates，for nutrient-poor　lakes and bog lakes，respectively，of 6.6percent and 114 percent of daily phytoplankton production.

在浮游动物数量激增的高峰期，亦即在春季后期以及夏季，哈尼记录了最大程度上的每日群落食草比率，对于营养物不充足的湖和沼泽湖而言，分别为每日浮游植物繁殖量的6.6%和114%.

GRE阅读难句背诵实例

23.The hydrologic cycle，a major topic in this science，is thecomplete cycle of phenomena through which water passes，beginning asatmospheric water vapor，passing into liquid and solid form asprecipitation，thence along and into the ground surface，and finallyagain returning to the form of atmospheric water vapor by means ofevaporation and transpiration.

水文循环(hydrologiccycle)，作为该学科中的一个主要课题，指的是水所经过的诸现象的整个循环过程，开始时是作为大气中的水蒸气，转而作为雨、雪、露、雹一类的降水量经过液体和固体形态，由此而沿着地层表面分布或进入地层表面，最终通过蒸发和散发作用再度回复到大气水蒸气的形态。

24.The historian Frederick J. Turner wrote in the 1890’s that theagrarian discontent that had been developing　steadily in the UnitedStates since about 1870 had been precipitated by the closing of theinternal frontier——that is，the depletion of available new land　neededfor further expansion of the American farming system.

史学家弗雷德里克.杰.特纳(FrederickJ.Turner)于十九世纪九十年代著述道，美国约自18世纪70年代以来一直在持续不断发展的农民不满，由于国内边远地区(internalfrontier)的封闭而更趋加剧——亦即是说，美国农业系统进一步扩展所必需的可资利用的新土地几近耗竭。

25.In the early 1950’s，historians who studied preindustrial Europe(which we may define here as Europe in the period from roughly 1300 to1800) began， for the first time in large numbers，to investigate moreof the preindustrial European population than the 2 or 3 percent whocomprised the political　and social elite：thekings，generals，judges，nobles，bishops，and local　magnates who hadhitherto usually filled history books.

二十世纪五十年代早期，研究前工业化时代欧洲(此处我们可将其界定为约自1300年至1800年这一时期的欧洲)的史学家，首次以众多的人数，开始调查前工业化时代欧洲人口中的大多数，而非那些构成了政治与社会精英阶层的百分之二或三的人口，即国王、将军、法官、贵族、主教、以及地方上的达官显贵，而正是这部分人一直到那时为止普遍充斥于史学著作。

26.Historians such as Le Roy Ladurie have used the documents toextract case histories，which have illuminated the attitudes ofdifferent social groups (these attitudes include，but are not confinedto，attitudes toward crime and　the law)and have revealed how theauthorities administered justice.

象勒罗伊。拉迪里(Le Roy Ladurie)一类的史学家利用这些文献史料从中挖掘出某些个案史(case history)来，阐明了不同社会群体的态度(这些态度包括，但并非局限于，对犯罪和法律的态度)，并揭示出当局是如何执行审判的。

27.My point is that its central　consciousness—its profoundunderstanding of class and gender as shaping influences on people’slives—owes much to that earlier literary heritage，a heritage that，ingeneral，has not been sufficiently valued by most contemporary literarycritics.

我的论点是，其作品的中心意识——它将阶级和性别作为人们生活的决定性影响而作出的深邃理解——在很大程度上借鉴了那个早期的文学遗产，而这一遗产就总体而言还尚未获得大多数当代文学评论家的足够重视。

28.But achieving necessary matches in physical properties acrossinterfaces between living and nonliving matter requires knowledge ofwhich molecules control the bonding of cells to each other—an area thatwe have not yet explored thoroughly.

但是，要想沿着原生和非原生物质之间的界面获取生理特性的必要匹配，需要某种知识，即什么样的分子控制着细胞彼此间的结合——而对这一领域，我们尚未进行充分的探索。

29.Islamic law is a phenomenon so different from all other forms oflaw—notwithstanding，of course，a　considerable and inevitable number ofcoincidences with one or the other of them as far as subject matter andpositive enactments are concerned—that its study is indispensable inorder to appreciate adequately the full range of　possible legalphenomena.

伊斯兰法是一种如此不同于所有其它法律形式的现象——毋庸置疑，尽管就其主要内容和有积极意义的法规而言，与其它法律形式中的这种或那种形式存在着相当数量的且不可避免的巧合相似之处——以致于对它进行研究便显得不可或缺，以便充分理解有可能存在的法律现象的全部范围。

30.Though historically there is a discernible break between Jewishlaw of the sovereign state of ancient Israel and of the Diaspora (thedispersion of Jewish people after the conquest of Israel)， the spiritof the legal matter in later parts of the Old Testament is very closeto that of the Talmud， one of the primary codifications of Jewish lawin the Diaspora.

尽管从历史角度来看，在古代以色列作为独立主权国家的犹太教法与大流散时期(Diaspora，即以色列被征服后古代犹太人被巴比伦人逐出故土)的犹太教法之间存在着一个明晰可辨的断裂，然则，《旧约全书》(OldTestament)后半部分中法律内容的精神与《犹太教法典》(Talmud)极为一脉相承，而所谓的《犹太教法典》，是指大流散时期犹太教法的主要典籍辑录之一。

GRE阅读难句背诵实例

31.Islam，on the other hand，represented a radical breakaway from theArab paganism that preceded it;Islamic law is the result of anexamination from a religious angle，of legal subject matter that was farfrom uniform，comprising as it did the various components of the laws ofpre-Islamic Arabia and numerous legal elements taken over from thenon-Arab peoples of the conquered territories.

另一方面，伊斯兰教则代表着与此前存在的阿拉伯异教(Arabpaganism)的一种根本上的决裂;伊斯兰法是从宗教的角度，对各种杂乱无章、绝无共同点的法律内容进行考察所致的结果，而这些法律内容实际上是由前伊斯兰阿拉伯国家(Pre-IslamicArabia)法律的不尽相同的组成部分以及由从被征服的土地上非阿拉伯民族借鉴过来的无数法律因素所构成。

32.One such novel idea is　that of inserting into the chromosomesof plants discrete genes that are not a part of the plants’ naturalconstitution：specifically，the idea of inserting into nonleguminousplants the genes，if they can be identified and isolated，that fit theleguminous plants to be hosts for nitrogen-fixing bacteria. Hence，theintensified research on legumes.

这其中的一个新颖思想就是，在植物的染色体(chromosome)内注入并非是该植物自然构造一个部分的那些不相关联的因基：具体而言，这一思想是，在非豆科植物内注入这样一些基因，倘若这些基因可被辨识出来并被分离开来，而这些基因业已使豆科植物宜于充当那些具备固氮作用的细菌的寄主。由此，对豆科植物的研究日趋深入。

33.It is　one of nature’s great ironies that the availability ofnitrogen in the soil frequently sets an upper limit on plant growtheven though the plants’ leaves are bathed in a sea of nitrogen gas.

下述情形真可谓是自然界的一个莫大讽刺：土壤中所能获得的氮肥量往往对植物的生长构成了一个上限，虽然植物的叶子被沐浴在一片氮气的海洋中。

34.Unless they succeed，the　yield gains of the Green Revolutionwill be largely lost even if the genes in　legumes that equip thoseplants to enter into a symbiosis with nitrogen fixers are identifiedand isolated，and even if the transfer of those gene complexes，once theyare found， becomes possible.

除非他们能取得成功，不然的话，绿色革命的产量收益将在很大程度上损失殆尽，即使豆科植物中使这些植物有条件进入到与固氮细菌共生关系的基因可被辨识出来和分离开来的话，且即使这些基因综合体(gene complex)，一旦被发现之后，其移植得以成为可能的话。

35.Its subject(to use Maynard Mack’s categories)is"life-as-spectacle，" for readers， diverted by its variousincidents，observe its hero Odysseus primarily from without;the tragicIliad，however，presents "life-as-experience"：readers are asked toidentify with the mind of Achilles，whose motivations render him a notparticularly likable hero.

其主题〔若借鉴梅纳德。迈克(MaynardMack)的两个分类范畴的话〕是“人生作为外部景象”，因为读者的注意力被作品那形形色色的事件所分散，主要是从外部来观察其主人公奥德修斯(Odyssus)的;然而，富于悲剧色彩的《伊利亚特》所表现的则是“人生作为内心体验”：读者被要求与阿基琉斯(Achilles)的心灵产生共鸣，而其行为动机却致使他变作一个并非特别惹人喜爱的主人公。

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