雅思阅读一直是我们中国考生的一个最为擅长的雅思考试环节，为了让这个环节能最大限度的为我们的雅思成绩加分，下面小编给大家带来了阅读的题型分类简明版讲解，希望能够帮助到大家，下面小编就和大家分享，来欣赏一下吧
雅思阅读的题型分类简明版讲解
•主旨类
1.标题对应 (List of headings)
2.最佳标题 (Best title)
3.概述题 (Summary)
•细节类
1.判断题(TRUE / FALSE / NOT GIVEN )
2.配对题(Matching)
3.填空题(sentence completion)
4.简答题(Short-answer questions)
5.图表题(Table/Flow chart/Diagram)
6.选择题(Multiple choice)
阅读考试小贴士：
• 应仔细阅读题目的指示和说明，这些信息会告诉你在哪里寻找答案、你需要做什么、需要如何回答问题、以及答案字数的限定。题目里的指示还会说明答案是否可以多次使用，并提醒你把答案转抄到答卷上。
• 注意大多数的题型下，题目出现的顺序和信息在文章中出现的顺序都是一致的。
• 注意认真以及全面地阅读题目要求。
• 进行扫读练习，以便能在文章片段中快速寻找与题目相关的关键词。你也可以用扫读练习在段落中寻找关键词。
• 在大多数情况下(如填空题)，你所填写的答案需符合正确的语法要求，答案的拼写应该正确。正确的单词拼写和词组搭配是非常重要的，出现错误是要被扣分的。
• 在大多数情况下，你可以在文章里找到需要填写的单词，并应将这个词仔细地抄在答卷上。如果出现拼写错误是要被扣分的。
• 在完成句子的题目中，要注重理解句子的意思，并以此来选择正确的答案。
• 运用笔记、表格、图表或流程图中的内容以及范例来预测答案所涉及的信息的类型。
• 在辅导课上，与同学和老师讨论每种题型下答案可能出现的形式。
• 在阅读的时候将关键词和词组用下划线标记出来，并注意题目中的关键词与文中关键词的联系。
• 熟悉同义词以及带有概括作用的词汇，这可以帮助你找到相关信息。
• 练习如何用不同的方式表达相同的意思和信息。
• 思考某些信息之间有什么共性、又有什么不同之处。
• 练习相关的阅读技巧，如跳读、扫读，用于寻找信息。
• 有些考生认为只有做题才能帮助提高成绩，因此陷于题海战术。这并不能让考生按照希望的那样快速提高成绩，这对备考和英语学习是不利的。备考的过程中应该广泛阅读不同的材料，如报纸、期刊、杂志和书籍，并利用这些资源为备考服务。
• 注意熟悉不同的文体，并且练习如何更好地理解这些文体。在练习中熟悉所有IELTS考试阅读(学术类)的题型。
• 要注意阅读的方法不止一种。有的考生会一字一句地慢慢地仔细阅读，并把所有的生词划出来，还因为这些生词而打断了阅读的连贯性。你应该明确，考试的主要任务是找到题目的答案，因此考试中运用的阅读技巧与你需要记忆内容时所用的阅读技巧是不同的。考试过程中不应过于担心出现的生词，同时应该在平时多加练习如何根据上下文的语义来猜测生词的意思，尽量不要用字典查每一个生词。
• 在任何时候都要认真阅读题目的指示。有些题型是会有不同的变化形式的，如果不明确题目的要求，你是很容易出现混淆而导致出错的。
• 在阅读的时候应该注意时间限制。如果某个题目你一时找不到答案，就应该继续做下一道题目，避免在某一道题目上花费过多的时间。
雅思阅读选词摘要题讲解--Visual Symbols and the Blind
Visual Symbols and the Blind
Part 1
From a number of recent studies, it has become clear that blind people can appreciate the use of outlines and perspectives to describe the arrangement of object and other surfaces in space. But pictures are more than literal representations. This fact was drawn to my attention dramatically when a blind woman in one of my
investigations decided on her own initiative to draw a wheel as it was spinning. To show this motion, she traced a curve inside the circle (Fig. 1). I was taken aback. Lines of motion, such as the one she used, are a very recent invention in the history of illustration. Indeed, as art scholar David Kunzle notes, Wilhelm Busch, a trend-setting nineteenth-century cartoonist, used virtually no motion lines in his popular figures until about 1877.
When I asked several other blind study subjects to draw a spinning wheel, one particularly clever rendition appeared repeatedly: several subjects showed the wheel’s spokes as curved lines. When asked about these curves, they all described them as metaphorical ways of suggesting motion. Majority rule would argue that this device somehow indicated motion very well. But was it a better indicator than, say, broken or wavy lines – or any other kind of line, for that matter? The answer was not clear. So I decided to test whether various lines of motion were apt ways of showing movement or if they were merely idiosyncratic marks. Moreover, I wanted to discover whether there were differences in how the blind and the sighted interpreted lines of motion.
To search out these answers, I created raised-line drawings of five different wheels, depicting spokes with lines that curved, bent, waved, dashed and extended beyond the perimeter of the wheel. I then asked eighteen blind volunteers to feel the wheels and assign one of the following motions to each wheel: wobbling, spinning fast, spinning steadily, jerking or braking. My control group consisted of eighteen sighted undergraduates from the University of Toronto.
All but one of the blind subjects assigned distinctive motions to each wheel. Most guessed that the curved spokes indicated that the wheel was spinning steadily; the wavy spokes, they thought, suggested that the wheel was wobbling; and the bent spokes were taken as a sign that the wheel was jerking. Subjects assumed that spokes extending beyond the wheel’s perimeter signified that the wheel had its brakes on and that dashed spokes indicated the wheel was spinning quickly. In addition, the favored description for the sighted was the favored description for the blind in every instance. What is more, the consensus among the sighted was barely higher than that among the blind. Because motion devices are unfamiliar to the blind, the task I gave them involved some problem solving. Evidently, however, the
blind not only figured out meanings for each line of motion, but as a group they generally came up with the same meaning at least as frequently as did sighted subjects.
Part 2
We have found that the blind understand other kinds of visual metaphors as well. One blind woman drew a picture of a child inside a heart – choosing that symbol, she said, to show that love surrounded the child. With Chang Hong Liu, a doctoral student from China, I have begun exploring how well blind people understand the symbolism behind shapes such as hearts that do not directly represent their meaning. We gave a list of twenty pairs of words to sighted subjects and asked them to pick from each pair the term that best related to a circle and the term that best related to a square.
For example, we asked: What goes with soft? A circle or a square? Which shape goes with hard?
All our subjects deemed the circle soft and the square hard. A full 94% ascribed happy to the circle, instead of sad. But other pairs revealed less agreement: 79%matched fast to slow and weak to strong, respectively. And only 51% linked deep to circle and shallow to square. (See Fig. 2) When we tested four totally blind volunteers using the same list, we found that their choices closely resembled those made by the sighted subjects. One man, who had been blind since birth, scored extremely well.
He made only one match differing from the consensus, assigning ‘far’ to square and ‘near’ to circle. In fact, only a small majority of sighted subjects – 53% – had paired far and near to the opposite partners. Thus, we concluded that the blind interpret abstract shapes as sighted people do.
Questions 33–39
Complete the summary below using words from the box.
Write your answers in boxes 33–39 on your answer sheet.
NB You may use any word more than once.
In the experiment described in Part 2, a set of word 33_____________ was used to investigate whether blind and sighted people perceived the symbolism in abstract 34__________ in the same way. Subjects were asked which word fitted best with a circle and which with a square. From the 35______________ volunteers, everyone thought a circle fitted ‘soft’ while a square fitted ‘hard’. However, only 51% of the 36____________ volunteers assigned a circle to 37_____________. When the test was later repeated with 38_____________ volunteers, it was found that they made 39_____________ choices.
associations blind deep hard hundred identical pairs shapes
sighted similar shallow soft words
讲解：
长难句练习：
1. All but one of the blind subjects assigned distinctive motions to each wheel.
参考译文：除了一个人，其他所有的盲人都将具体的动作与车轮搭配了起来。
知识点：all but的用法
1) 除了—都
2) 几乎、差不多
3) 几乎完全的
2. Evidently, however, the blind not only figured out meanings for each line of motion, but as a group they generally came up with the same meaning at least as frequently as did sighted subjects.
参考译文：然而，很明显，盲人不仅能够搞清楚每种运动线所代表的意义，而且作为一个团队，他们达成共识的频率也不必普通人低。
知识点：come up with the same meaning可以等同于have consensus on sth
3. In fact, only a small majority of sighted subjects---53受试者%---had paired far and near to the opposite partners.
参考译文：实际上，也只是刚刚过半---53%---普遍认为圆形代表远，而方形代表近。
知识点：opposite partners在这里可以理解为相反的选择。
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