用精读3步法原则实现雅思阅读高分

用精读3步法原则实现雅思阅读高分一文讲述了如何运用精读法的3个步骤实现雅思阅读能力的加强。这3个步骤就是对于字词句的逐步理解，也是阅读的基本步骤。　　.

用精读3步法原则实现雅思阅读高分

用精读3步法原则实现雅思阅读高分为你带来冲刺雅思阅读高分的一个重要方法——精读法。精读法顾名思义就是对于阅读的文章做深入的分析，详细掌握字词句篇的方法。这种方法的相对方法为泛读法。在雅思阅读中，如果通过精读法的3步走冲刺高分呢?下文为你带来解答。

很多雅思阅读老师，经常会对学生说，剑桥雅思的文章做完以后一定要精读，否则就是对这本书的浪费。于是有学生问了，究竟何为精读?如何精读?在此，以剑桥雅思真题9 Test 1 Passage 1为例，帮助考生们分析如何精读，从而掌握雅思阅读高分原则。

对于雅思文章的精读主要包括三个方面：对于单词词义的理解，对于句子的理解，以及对于文章结构的理解。这三个方面层层深入，紧密结合。

一、理解词义

理解词义，顾名思义即是弄清楚文中不认识的生词的具体含义。在第一遍看文章时，我们重点在于做题，所以都是快速阅读，即skim加上scan。此时若遇到生词都是根据上下文(context)去猜测词义。而精读时，对于第一遍不认识的单词要全部用字典查出意思，即刚才猜测出大概含义的词汇，并且要整理到单词本上去。当然对于这些生词考生们实际上是要区别对待的。有些比较生僻的话题词汇只要认知就好，不需要掌握具体用法，比如C9T1P1文章中A 段第六行有个单词cog, 解释为钝齿，这个单词词义特殊，且在文中跟题目没有必然联系，不影响做题，属于较生僻的词汇，看到能通过上下文推测出含义即可，不需要死记硬背。而另一些词汇，尤其是动词，要掌握它们的具体用法包括搭配，以期能在自己的写作中加以灵活运用。例如文中E段第四行有个动词addressed, 考生们掌握的都是这个单词的名词含义“地址”，虽然通过上下文不难推测出是“提出”的意思，但是该词要怎么用则需要结合字典包括文中例句更好地理解。文中说questions that would have to be addressed by the global community before any reply could be sent,考生写作文时也可以借鉴一下，例如想表达某人提出观点，就可以说someone addressed that。此外，文中经常会出现一些同义词，考生可以将这些词整理下来，因为同义替换是雅思阅读考察的一个重点，通过对这些同义词的整理，我们不仅可以知道考试常考的同义替换，同时也能借鉴到自己的写作当中去，毕竟词语多样性是写作评分标准之一。例如文章中表示外星人时，用到的词和表达有extra- terrestrial intelligence, alien civilization, other life form等，这种类似的同义替换在雅思阅读文章中经常出现，考生们还可以精读一下剑桥真题8 Test 3 Passage 2。

二、理解句子

单词理解好了，下一步自然就是理解句子。雅思阅读中经常会出现一些长难句，而有些考生一看到这些，就立马神经紧张，不知道如何下手了。大多数长难句只是外形吓人，其实是个纸老虎。例如文章A段最后一句话It is even possible that the older civilization may pass on the benefits of their experience in dealing with threats to survival such as nuclear war and global pollution, and other threats that we haven’t yet discovered. 乍一看，有好几个that, 看上去较复杂，但其实我们要做的事情就是提炼主干，找出主谓宾。这句话主语是it, 谓语is, that引导的是一个主语从句，一直到句尾，这样句子大意即是较老的文明也许能够将他们处理威胁的经验传播下去。而在主语从句中又出现两个threats 的并列，这两个threats的定语也值得借鉴，第一个是用to do结构做定语，而第二个threats则是用that引导的定语从句，这点符合我们写作评分标准中的句型多样化，非常值得学习。

当然不是每个句子都需要这么揣摩的，时间和精力都不允许。考生只需要将与题目相关的句子理解透彻，结构分析清晰就可以了。

三、理解文章结构

当词语句型都看懂之后，第三步就是学习研究文章结构了。西方的学术文章大体遵循总分总或者总分的结构，即introduction, main body, summary三部曲或者introduction, main body二重奏。而文章的每个段落也遵循这个结构。研究文章结构的目的是为了能从宏观上把握文章的布局特点，这样下次读雅思文章时能快速定位答案，尤其是 list of headings这个题型，同时也对于写作起到参考作用。这篇文章第一段交待了话题背景，即为什么要寻找外星生命，主题段落即B,C,D,E四段介绍了寻找外星生命的一些尝试及方法，以及可能出现的结果。而在每段内部，基本也遵循这个结构原则，例如B段，第一句即是主旨句，概括了该段的大意。理解了学术文章的写作特点，我们在今后的阅读练习中可以加以灵活运用，节约做题时间，提高解题正确率。

以上就是用精读3步法原则实现雅思阅读高分的全部内容，我们可以看出精读法的3个步骤还是与阅读文章的字词句篇是吻合的。先是了解单词，再是了解句子和词组，再是理解文章含义和文章思路。阅读的3个步骤无外乎如此。

雅思考试阅读模拟练习及答案

Search begins for 'Earth' beyond solar system

Staff and agencies

Wednesday December 27，2006

Guardian Unlimited

1.A European spacecraft took off today to spearhead the search for another "Earth" among the stars.

2.The Corot space telescope blasted off aboard a Russian Soyuz rocket from the Baikonur cosmodrome in Kazakhstan shortly after 2.20pm.

3.Corot，short for convection rotation and planetary transits，is the first instrument capable of finding small rocky planets beyond the solar system.Any such planet situated in the right orbit stands a good chance of having liquid water on its surface，and quite possibly life，although a leading scientist involved in the project said it was unlikely to find "any little green men".

4.Developed by the French space agency，CNES，and partnered by the European Space Agency (ESA)，Austria，Belgium，Germany，Brazil and Spain，Corot will monitor around 120,000 stars with its 27cm telescope from a polar orbit 514 miles above the Earth.Over two and a half years，it will focus on five to six different areas of the sky，measuring the brightness of about 10,000 stars every 512 seconds.

5."At the present moment we are hoping to find out more about the nature of planets around stars which are potential habitats.We are looking at habitable planets，not inhabited planets.We are not going to find any little green men," Professor Ian Roxburgh，an ESA scientist who has been involved with Corot since its inception，told the BBC Radio 4 Today programme.

6.Prof Roxburgh said it was hoped Corot would find "rocky planets that could develop an atmosphere and，if they are the right distance from their parent star，they could have water".

7.To search for planets，the telescope will look for the dimming of starlight caused when an object passes in front of a star，known as a "transit".Although it will take more sophisticated space telescopes planned in the next 10 years to confirm the presence of an Earth-like planet with oxygen and liquid water，Corot will let scientists know where to point their lenses.

8.Measurements of minute changes in brightness will enable scientists to detect giant Jupiter-like gas planets as well as small rocky ones.It is the rocky planets - that could be no bigger than about twice the size of the Earth - which will cause the most excitement.Scientists expect to find between 10 and 40 of these smaller planets.

9.Corot will also probe into stellar interiors by studying the acoustic waves that ripple across the surface of stars，a technique called "asteroseismology".

10.The nature of the ripples allows astronomers to calculate a star's precise mass，age and chemical composition.

11."A planet passing in front of a star can be detected by the fall in light from that star.Small oscillations of the star also produce changes in the light emitted，which reveal what the star is made of and how they are structured internally.This data will provide a major boost to our understanding of how stars form and evolve," Prof Roxburgh said.

12.Since the discovery in 1995 of the first "exoplanet" - a planet orbiting a star other than the Sun - more than 200 others have been found by ground-based observatories.

13.Until now the usual method of finding exoplanets has been to detect the "wobble" their gravity imparts on parent stars.But only giant gaseous planets bigger than Jupiter can be found this way，and they are unlikely to harbour life.

14.In the 2010s，ESA plans to launch Darwin，a fleet of four or five interlinked space telescopes that will not only spot small rocky planets，but analyse their atmospheres for signs of biological activity.

15.At around the same time，the US space agency，Nasa，will launch Terrestrial Planet Finder，another space telescope designed to locate Earth-like planets.

Questions:

Choose the appropriate letter from A-D for question 1.

1.Corot is an instrument which

(A) can help to search for certain planets

(B) is used to find planets in the orbit

(C) can locate planets with human beings

(D) can spot any planets with water.

Do the following statements agree with the information given in the reading passage? For questions 2-5 write

TRUE if the statement agrees with the information

FALSE if the statement contraicts the information

NOT GIVEN if there is no information on this in the passage

2.Scientists are trying to find out about the planets that can be inhabited.

3.BBC Radio 4 recently focuses on the broadcasting of Corot.

4.Passing objects might cause a fall in light.

5.Corot can tell whether there is another Earth-like planet.

Based on your reading of the passage, complete the sentences below with words taken from the passage. Use NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.

With measurements, scientists will be able to search for some gaseous and rocky planets. They will be extremely excited if they can discover some small 6. __________, the expected number of which could be up to 7. __________ .

Corot will enable scientists to study the 8. __________ of stars. In this way, a star’s mass, age and chemical composition can be calculated.

According to Prof Roxburgh, changes in light can be caused by passing planets or star 9. __________. The related statistics can gain us a better 10. __________ of the star formation and evolvement.

Observatories have found many exoplanets, which are 11. __________ other stars than the Sun. The common way used in finding exoplanets can only detect huge gas planets, which do not 12. ___________ .

With the launching of Darwin, astronomers will be able to analyse whether those rocky planets have 13. __________ for life.

1.答案：A (第3段第1句：Corot, short for convection rotation and planetary transits, is the first instrument capable of finding small rocky planets beyond the solar system. A项中的certain planets指small rocky planets beyond the solar system.)

2.答案：TRUE (第5段第1、2句： At the present moment we are hoping to find out more about the nature of planets around stars which are potential habitats. We are looking at habitable planets, not inhabited planets. 问题中的“that can be inhabited”意思就是inhabitable.)

3.答案：NOT GIVEN (文中没有提及该信息。)

4.答案：TRUE (第7段第1句：To search for planets, the telescope will look for the dimming of starlight caused when an object passes in front of a star, known as a "transit".)

5.答案：FASLE (第7段第2、3句：Although it will take more sophisticated space telescopes planned in the next 10 years to confirm the presence of an Earth-like planet with oxygen and liquid water, Corot will let scientists know where to point their lenses. )

6.答案：rocky planets (第8段第2句：It is the rocky planets - that could be no bigger than about twice the size of the Earth - which will cause the most excitement.)

7.答案：40 (第8段第3句：Scientists expect to find between 10 and 40 of these smaller planets.问题中短语“up to”的意思是“达到，高达”，所以应该选择最高的数字40。)

8.答案：interiors (第9段第1句： Corot will also probe into stellar interiors by studying the acoustic waves that ripple across the surface of stars, a technique called "asteroseismology". 单词"probe”的词义是“探查，探索”。)

9.答案：oscillations (第11段第2句：Small oscillations of the star also produce changes in the light emitted, which reveal what the star is made of and how they are structured internally.)

10.答案：understanding (第11段第3句：This data will provide a major boost to our understanding of how stars form and evolve.)

11.答案：orbiting (第12段第1句：Since the discovery in 1995 of the first "exoplanet" - a planet orbiting a star other than the Sun - more than 200 others have been found by ground-based observatories.)

12.答案：harbour life (第13段：Until now the usual method of finding exoplanets has been to detect the "wobble" their gravity imparts on parent stars. But only giant gaseous planets bigger than Jupiter can be found this way, and they are unlikely to harbour life.)

13.答案：atmospheres (第14段：In the 2010s, ESA plans to launch Darwin, a fleet of four or five interlinked space telescopes that will not only spot small rocky planets, but analyse their atmospheres for signs of biological activity.)

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