雅思结构阅读法

雅思结构阅读法, 时间紧张不再是问题。下面小编给大家带来了雅思结构阅读法，希望能够帮助到大家，下面小编就和大家分享，来欣赏一下吧。

雅思结构阅读法 时间紧张不再是问题

1 浏览文章的必要性

浏览文章是必备策略。做题时都是先读题目，然后通过关键词定位，最后找到答案。但如果遇到特殊题型，定位就玩不转了。

比如配对题。简单说，这个就是给一个细节，然后找出细节所在段落。用定位，就得一行行找，费事费力，更何况有时候还找不到，只能自己归纳。

比如剑四52页30题“a description of the mental activities which are exercised and developed during play”

在文章的段落中很难判断出这句信息。

还有T/F/NG题中，题目顺序和出题顺序还算一致，但顺序打乱也常有。比如剑五19页8-13题。要做出这些题，那就非读文章不可。

2 结构阅读法

于是有同学问，雅思文章题材五花八门，看都看不懂怎么在几分钟内搞定?这时候可以考虑下，相对固定的文章结构。

根据作者观察，所有雅思文章都可以分为两大类：介绍性的学术说明文和论辩性的学术论文。

说明文只是对一个既定的事实进行客观介绍和陈述，不包含argument，教科书就属于这一类;

而学术论文通常针对一个悬而未决的问题，进行论证，继而提出解决方案，其过程就是提出问题、分析问题、解决问题。

在雅思考试中，这类文章分为两种：实验论证和逻辑论证。

(1)、介绍类学术说明文

要判断文章类别，一般看标题就可以了。介绍类文章是对某事物或现象进行描述或介绍，所以标题一般为名词短语或者以How开头的疑问句。具体结构如下：-Introduce a phenomenon or a fact.-Detailed Description:Timeline/Different Aspects/Logic Development-Look into the future/Summary

无论什么文章，起始段总是引出主题，所以多用叙述描写性语言，或介绍现象，或陈述事实，或交代问题。

在介绍类说明文中，中间断落是对事物细节的展开描述，各种话题可以通过三种不同方式展开。

第一类时间顺序，通常用于陈述一个历史事件，例如剑五中的“Johnson’s Dictionary”就是这一类。

第二类并列或递进，从各个侧面来介绍，例如剑四中的“What Do Whales feel?”，一看标题就知道是介绍鲸鱼各个感官的，属于并列结构。

第三类是逻辑顺序，据笔者统计，环境自然类文章多依照这种顺序，下文对此会作详细评述，这里不再赘言。

(2)、论证类文章的结构

实验类文章

-Introduce experiment-Pre-experiment (Subjects, Tools, Methods)-Experiment Process-Result (Collecting Data)-Analyses and Syntheses

阅读中，实验类文章结构最为固定。分析了“剑五”中所有实验类文章，其结构都是以上套路，这是因为实验报告的形式本来就单调。

首段总是说明实验的缘起以及实验没目的，然后介绍实验前的准备工作包括器具，实验主体等，接着进入实验进程的描述，而后公布实验结果，最后综合数据得出结论。

无论实验做什么，这个基本顺序是不会改变的。

逻辑论证类文章-Introduce the topic/problem-Literature Review (Optional)-Present Causes/Reasons (optional)-Writer’s Approach-Supporting Evidences-Conclusions

这结构更近于论文。起始段导出议题，第二部分对议题进行文献综述，介绍已有的观点或探讨引发问题的原因，第三部分引入作者的判断以及相关分论点或论据，最后是结论。在雅思考试是中这类文章通常是比较难的。

总之，做题前分析结构有必要，是有效备考的良方。

雅思阅读机经小范围预测

文章题目 Undergraduate students study dramas

重复年份 20160331 20141018

题材 人文社科

文章大意 文学专业学生的课程指南，提到了让学生观看英国不同时期剧院中的戏剧，并列举了不同时期四种剧院的特点。

参考阅读：

Medieval period

Main article: Medieval theatre

By the medieval period, the mummers' plays had developed, a form of early street theatre associated with the Morris dance, concentrating on themes such as Saint George and the Dragon and Robin Hood. These were folk tales re-telling old stories, and the actors travelled from town to town performing these for their audiences in return for money and hospitality

Renaissance: Elizabethan and Jacobean periods

The period known as the English Renaissance, approximately 1500—1660, saw a flowering of the drama and all the arts. The two candidates for the earliest comedy in English Nicholas Udall's Ralph Roister Doister (c. 1552) and the anonymous Gammer Gurton's Needle (c. 1566), belong to the 16th century.

...

文章题目 Fluoridation in the water

重复年份 20160312 20140719 20130119

题材 医疗健康

题型 选择题 3+判断 6+句子填空 5

文章大意 本文讲述了氟化物添加对健康影响。对要不要对饮用水进行氟化处理，学者有两派不同的意见

部分参考答案：

选择题：

1. How hot is the area A

2. People should not be forced to take compulsory medication

3. To demonstrate that scientists’ finding will be influenced by social factors

判断题：

4. 待补充

5. Science should not decide policy

6. Scientific and social factors should be separated No

7. Many sociologist ignore S’s study

8. S work was not emphasized by sicnetists outside the northern America NG

9. Both supporters and opponents have made valid argument. YES

填空题：

10. Science is objective and unbiased

11. Can be affected by social factors

12. Scientific discovery cannot be understood at first

13. Cautious action is not necessary

14. People should have the right to choose

文章题目 Fish communications

重复年份 20151203 20130713

题材 动物

题型 判断 6+填空 7

文章大意 讲了鱼类的交流，德国科学家在红海发现红色的鱼，发现是激发荧光。鱼用这个荧光来识别种群、标识位置、吓退敌人、掩盖自己和捕捉猎物。

参考阅读：

Fish Communication

Can fish "talk?" And if they do, can other fish hear what they are saying?

The answer to both questions is yes, but fish "talk" and "hear" somewhat differently than humans. Although not extremely common, there are several species of fish that are able to produce sound to communicate with members of their own and other species. Most of the fish that produce sound do it at such low frequencies that divers cannot hear the noises. But several species do produce sound in the range that humans can hear. For example, grunts are able to produce sound by grinding their flat teeth together (hence the name grant!) The large Jewfish, Nassau and Black groupers are known to make very loud "booms" when startled or cornered. Jewfish have also been observed to make these loud sounds during courtship.

Of all reef fish, damselfish are thought to use sound the most complexly. These fish use sound when males and defending territories: two males are often seen facing off and emitting a series of combative pops. In addition to playing a part in defending its territory, damselfish also use sound during courtship, as the jewfish does. However instead of the loud booms of the jewfish, the male damselfish produce chirps to attract females.

雅思阅读机经真题答案及解析

一、 考试概述：

本次考试的文章两篇新题一篇旧题，第一篇描述了两个科学家在撒哈拉的发现，研究了古代人的生存方式，第二篇是讲了利用心理学对课堂行为进行研究，第三篇是讲非语言交流的，人类除了用语言交流，其他手势、行为等的非语言形式也很重要

二、具体题目分析

Passage 1：

题目：Human Remain in Green Sahara

题型：判断题4 +简答题3+填空题6

新旧程度：旧题

文章大意：描述了两个科学家在撒哈拉的发现，研究古代人的生存方式。

参考文章：

Human Remain in Green Sahara

A

On October 13,2,000, a small team of paleontologists led by Paul Sereno of the University of Chicago clambered out of three battered Land Rovers, filled their water bottles, and scattered on foot across the toffee-colored sands of the Tenere desert in northern Niger. The Tenere，on the southern flank of the Sahara, easily ranks among the most desolate landscapes on Earth. The Tuareg，turbaned nomads who for centuries have ruled this barren realm, refer to it as a “desert within a desert”a California-size ocean of sand and rock, where a single massive dune might stretch a hundred miles, and the combination of 120-degreeheat and inexorable winds can wick the water from a human body in less than a day. The harsh conditions, combined with intermittent conflict between the Tuareg and the Niger government, have kept the region largely unexplored.

B

Mike Hettwer, a photographer accompanying the team, headed off by himself toward a trio of small dunes. He crested the first slope and stared in amazement. The dunes were spilling over with bones. He took a few shots with his digital camera and hurried back to the Land Rovers. ‘I found some bones:'Hettwer said, when the team had regrouped. "But they're not dinosaurs. They're human."

C

In the spring of 2005 Sereno contacted Elena Garcea, an archaeologist at the University of Cassino, in Italy, inviting her to accompany him on a return to the site. Garcea had spent three decades working digs along the Nile in Sudan and in the mountains of the Libyan Desert, and was well acquainted with the ancient peoples of the Sahara. But she had never heard of Paul Sereno. His claim to have found so many skeletons in one place seemed far fetched, given that no other Neolithic cemetery contained more than a dozen or so. Some archaeologists would later be skeptical; one sniped that he was just a ‘moonlighting paleontologist.’ But Garcea was too intrigued to dismiss him as an interloper. She agreed to join him.

D

Garcea explained that the Kiffian were a fishing-based culture and lived during the earliest wet period, between 8,000 and 10,000 years ago. She held a Kiffian sherd next to a Tenerian one. “What is so amazing is that the people who made these two pots lived more than a thousand years apart.

E

Over the next three weeks, Sereno and Garcea-- along with five American excavators, five Tuareg guides, and five soldiers from Niger's army, sent to protect the camp from bandits-- made a detailed map of the site, which they dubbed Gobero, after the Tuareg name for the area. They exhumed eight burials and collected scores of artifacts from both cultures. In a dry lake bed adjacent to the dunes, they found dozens of fishhooks and harpoons carved from animal bone. Apparently the Kiffian fishermen weren't just going after small fry: Scattered near the dunes were the remains of Nile perch, a beast of a fish that can weigh nearly 300 pounds, as well as crocodile and hippo bones.

F

Sereno flew home with the most important skeletons and artifacts and immediately began planning for the next field season. In the meantime, he carefully removed one tooth from each of four skulls and sent them to a lab for radiocarbon dating. The results pegged the age of the tightly bundled burial sat roughly 9,000 years old, the heart of the Kiffian era. The smaller ‘sleeping’ skeletons turned out to be about 6,000 years old, well within the Tenerian period. At least now the scientists knew who was who.

G In the fall of 2006 they returned to Gobero, accompanied by a larger dig crew and six additional scientists. Garcea hoped to excavate some80 burials, and the team began digging. As the skeletons began to emerge from the dunes, each presented a fresh riddle, especially the Tenerian. A male skeleton had been buried with a finger in his mouth.

H

Even at the site, Arizona State University bioarchaeologist Chris Stojanowski could begin to piece together some clues. Judging by the bones, the Kiffian appeared to be a peaceful, hardworking people. “The lack of head and forearm injuries suggests they weren't doing much fighting,” he told me. “And these guys were strong.” He pointed to a long，narrow ridge running along a femur. “That’s the muscle attachment，” he said. “This individual had huge leg muscles, which means he was eating a lot of protein and had a strenuous lifestyle-- both consistent with a fishing way of life.” For contrast, he showed me the femur of a Tenerian male. The ridge was barely perceptible. “This guy had a much less strenuous lifestyle,” he said, “which you might expect of a herder."

I

Stojanowski's assessment that the Tenerian were herders fits the prevailing view among scholars of life in the Sahara 6,000 years ago, when drier conditions favored herding over hunting. But if the Tenerian were herders, Sereno pointed out, where were the herds? Among the hundreds of animal bones that had turned up at the site, none belonged to goats or sheep, and only three came from a cow species. “It’s not unusual for a herding culture not to slaughter their cattle, particularly in a cemetery，M Garcea responded, noting that even modem pastoralists, such as Niger’s Wodaabe, are loath to butcher even one animal in their herd. Perhaps, Sereno reasoned, the Tenerian at Gobero were a transitional group that had not fully adopted herding and still relied heavily on hunting and fishing.

J

Back in Arizona, Stojanowski continues to analyze the Gobero bones for clues to the Green Saharans’ health and diet. Other scientists are trying to derive DNA from the teeth, which could reveal the genetic origins of the Kiffian and Tenerian — and possibly link them to descendants living today. Sereno and Garcea estimate a hundred burials remain to be excavated. But as the harsh Tenere winds continue to erode the dunes, time is running out. “Every archaeological site has a life cycle，” Garcea said. “It begins when people begin to use the place, followed by disuse, then nature takes over, and finally it is gone. Gobero is at the end of its life.”

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