如何高效备考托福口语呢?小编给大家整理了一些托福备考攻略，下面小编就和大家分享，来欣赏一下吧。
如何短期提高托福英语口语?
首先我想说，托福口语主要考的并不是你的发音，而是你的逻辑表达能力。
当然发音固然重要，但是平心而论大部分考生哪里来的时间去纠正自己习惯了十几年的发音，去做跟读?
通常考生只要1-3个月的时间准备，目标导向，因而要做的就是短时间内知道口语究竟如何评分，根据评分标准如何尽可能规范作答得到高分。
因而我的回答非常应试，所以对于想要提高长期口语能力的同学可以红叉了。
以下方法相信一定能对那些 口语过得去(17分以上)但是拿到题目不知道如何开口，一头雾水的同学行之有效。
一、整体概述
首先，口语部分6道题，每道题4分。每个考官会给每道题一个整数分。
最后的口语分数是由这六道题的分数均值得到一个对应的以30为满分的分数。
(具体多少可以检索一下，不做赘述)
因而我们要做的是在「允许一定瑕疵」的情况下，尽可能拿到更高的整数分。
二、每题详解
Q1 Personal Experience
对于这一题很多学生有一种误解，首先需要澄清一下。
拿TPO 1 举例。
Talk about a book you have read that was important to you for some reason. Explain why the book was important to you.
Give specific details and examples to explain your answer.
很多人觉得这一题要答的就是：给一本具体的书，说为什么对我重要。
「对我而言最重要的书是《哈利·波特》。它重要的原因有以下两个：1.它是我阿姨在生日的时候给我的。2.故事想象力丰富，我非常喜欢。」
我想说的是，以上回答方向错了。如果Q1这样答，那和Q2有什么区别呢?ETS为什么要出两道一样的题目呢?
第一题要答的有四个信息点，缺一不可，从题目中提取有以下几点：
1) what book 2)why important 3)details and examples to explain
第四个点是很多人忽略的、也是这个题目最重要的4) you! you! you!(重说三!)
这也是为什么我把第一题称作Personal experience的原因，题目中出现最多的词其实是you，因而你的回答必须是非常个人的偏好、个人的经历、个人的原因、个人的体验。
综上，Q1作答的满分答案必须包含以下信息点：
1) what ——回答主体、对象
2) who —— 答题者的描述或者任何体现你个人的内容，要知道考官如果不是口音问题根本不会知道音频背后的你是中国人还是印度人。
3) why —— 解释选择该subject的原因
4) how —— 对应examples和 details，就像小学生写作文，时间地点人物事件，重要的是：人物要有你、和你有关; 事件中必须包含你的感受，要尽可能生动。
那怎么把以上内容串联起来呢?
1.what
关于...A...(题目内容)，我想谈谈...B...(what对象)
2.who
(当然不能用我是X.X.X这样很傻的内容)
如同那些....(你怎么样)的人一样，我发现...B...(what重述)非常...(形容词)
3.why
这或许是因为....C..../....D...
4.how
那是一次...E...(时间)，....谁和谁发生了什么....，...我感觉...
以上就是我个人使用的比较清晰的结构。
那怎么措辞、达到高分呢?
1) 句式别太简单
2) 用词别重复
那接下来试试看
what： Speaking of + topic， I'd like to talk about + subject
who: Like many + people ( students/ young people等都可以意在表达你是哪一类人)+ personal characteristic ( 和你的subject 联系起来，例如 obsessed in fantasy novels) , I found + subject+ so/very + adj. (结合topic, crucial/ interesting/ helpful等等)
why: It's probably because + reason(原因，例如 it has so many surrealistic scenes...)
how: It was a + time , +event , I was feeling like/ I felt like+ feeling (例如: a Sunday afternoon, / I couldn't put it down and finished it in one sitting. /I want to recommend this excellent book BLABLA 切题即可)
练法：
第一题的答法、措辞可以根据你舒服的来，但是一定要包含 what who why how 四个元素。
尝试拿TPO练个几题，自然就能形成自己的套路，并且总结几个常用的用词
例如：academic pressure/ competition in study and professional development/ financial future/ I was feeling like I truly wish...
另外，需要注意同义词替换
题目问good quality 你就说shinning point，题目问sth. you like 你就说favorite ，题目问best 你就说ideal ， 题目说important 你就说crucial
疑问&tips：
是否需要准备人/事/书之类 分类的段子?
可以准备但意义并没有那么大，ETS这几年出的题回来越不好套了，问法越来越细节，如果一定要套， 也要合理利用的材料，一定要对它做修改和微调。
举例：准备了一个飞机晚点的段子：
It was a rainy afternoon last month, my flight was delayed for 4 hours at Hongqiao Airport by typhoon, and my trip to Xiamen was almost ruined.
这个段子可以怎么套?
1) situations bothered you
你的who 当中就要体现为什么讨厌误点：like many young people who love traveling but have little free time, 然后自然引到 flight delays disturbing
要提到为什么disturbing：because we are longing to see our friends and folks...
你的how中要注重个人感受，强调disturbing：I was feeling like it was really a nightmare!
2) good friend
不赘述了，重点是联系起来，例如说某个friend非常creative，在how中要体现他如何解决误点问题，比如 decides to let us take the high-speed train instead 要体现结果：who all got there the next morning， 最重要的是点题：he was the life-savor in our circle
3)personal quality
可以说creativity， 用上段子，主要是要有联系，提到save time and trouble之类的
这种有针对性地准备第一题，你每次拿到第一题就不会不知道该说些什么撑满45秒了，相反你会非常清楚每一个要点，即使用词不够完美又怎么样，满足了题目的要求，分数必然不会低。
总而言之，Q1的精髓在于personal，要明显感受到你的个人体验感，这点对于我们业余生活单一的中国学生很难。所以我的方法在于你不需要拼凑那么多个人经历，而能一样能形成你个人经历过的真实感觉，所以这个part，feeling一定不能少。
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Q2 opinion
第二题 一般而言均分较高，中国学生也比较习惯这种问题，性质上比较趋同于议论文。目的在于考察表达观点的能力。
结构信息点如下：
1) opinion
2) point1+fact1
3) point2+fact2
4) case
个人习惯做法如下：
1) Personally, I prefer to .../ I tend to think ...
2) First of all,... F1... and thus...P1...
3) Also, ...P2... as ...F2
4) Take the case of +person+ , who...与opinion相反的behavior..., and guess what? ...与P1,P2相反的恶果...
几点解释：
1)P和F的表达顺序不同，是为了避免表达方式单一
2)case的内容可以理解为反例，好记的版本是：no zuo no die why you try
个人常用人物是cousin(因为年纪浮动大，你可以安排你的倒霉cousin去上学，去上班 whatever)注意用过去式。所以这个部分在behavior处体现跟你观点相反的言行，此为「作」;guess what后体现die的两个倒霉结果，即为和你理由相背的结果，例如P1是concentrate on study，die的方式就是 fail in the school exams。
这种方式好处有三：一、反面论述你的观点 二、避免与point重复用词 三、who的复合句形式增加你的措辞复杂性，这也是口语部分ETS所鼓励的
练习举例：
Sports success is based on talent or hard work
Personally, I tend to think athletic accomplishment is more a matter of talent.
First of all, if we force young people to train too hard for sports competition, they run the risk of sports injuries and long-term health problems, and thus it defeat the purpose of playing sports to keep in a good mood and a good shape.
Also, it could be a waste of time for someone not at all gift people to be coached many hours a day to become a professional athlete as they still have courses, career development and social life to take care of.
Take the case of my cousin Jack, whose parents sent him to a basketball school to be forged into the next YaoMing, while he was only two-thirds of YaoMing's height, and not at all strong or physically capable.
Guess what? He failed all his school exams, and he got bruises all over his body, feeling exhausted every time he came home.
事实上case和point, fact不需要那么长，能够支撑观点，对应要点就行
关于point如何在15s内快速想到，放到第6题后的总结来说
P.S. Q1/2对于语速的要求相对于后四题更高一些，需要你达到1秒3词，平常练习要注意语速
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Q3 Conversation- ideas about the reading
Q3和Q4相同，结合阅读，听力和口语三个task
先看Q3，reading会给你一个announcement/letter等，内容涉及一个proposal等，会给出两个理由来支撑opinion
Listening part 一男一女进行对话，其中一人具有鲜明观点--agree or disagree 但是注意!80%情况下主人公会给出三个point，而不是大多人认为的两个。其中两个是针对reading的回应，另外一个是新延伸的point
那如何作答呢?总体而言，如同Q1/Q2，同样分4点，并且注意reading 和listening的对应，但重点在listening内容
1) 表达观点 agree or disagree + reading的main point
2) r1 (reading reference1) + p1, f1 (listening内容)
3) r2 (reading reference2) + p2, f2
4) p3 f3 ( further point, 无reading 对应)
来看具体答法
1) In the conversation, the m/w (dis)agrees with ...main point... in the reading material. And (s)he has given several reasons.
2) First, with the regard to the wish/claim/concern in the reading material that ...r1..., he/she mentioned that ...f1... , and thus ...p1...
3) Also, facing the wish/claim/concern ... r2... , he/she points out that... p2... , as ...f2...
4) Finally, he she further stated that...p3/f3
几点解释：
1) 4点重点在2/3两点，时间分配12s/18s/18s/10s，2秒微调
2) Q：为什么平时没发现有3个point?回答两个会如何?
A：
point3通常和1/2一起出现，比较难分开，具体放到Q6展开。
先以TPO中的一题举例，第几套忘了，欢迎补充
Reading中谈到推迟某大楼关闭时间中涉及两个point， 其中point1记得是说right now no good place
listening持agree态度，woman表示：学生在大楼关闭后没有地方可去，只能在dormitory练习乐器。然而dorm有人休息，会吵到别人。
以上就有看似回应了一个point，实则有两个：
place问题/disturb others
这两点其实是不同的角度，前一句对应了r1，后一句讲的是新的point
因而，如果能在回答里照顾到三个point，那么即使你每个点有措辞和逻辑的瑕疵，只要拿到了3.5分，那你的该题得分就能拿到4分了。
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Q4 Reading&Listening-case illustration
第四题中国大陆普遍得分较低，事实上这是个通过简单练习非常好拿分、提分的part。
Reading中会讲一个terminology，标题即内容。这个术语的解释会分为两组key word
Listening中professor会讲一个case说明此术语，并且请谨记，case中一定会出现相应内容和key word 1 / key word 2分别对应!
试想，如果让你解释清一个术语，你要做的其实就是解释清那两个key word就OK了。
那联系到答题怎么答呢?
1.概括reading中术语内容
2.听力材料case描述
3.听力材料illustration 1 与 key word 1 对应
4.听力材料illustration 2 与 key word 2 对应
那拿到题目要怎么做呢?
Reading part, 45s内你要记下：
Topic即term/ subject是什么? animial, people, plant.../ k1 / k2 采用动宾结构，尽量维持在5词左右
Listening part 你要写下：
case description 6词左右 / illustration1 / illustration 2 词数根据听力文本酌情判断
可能的问题：
很多人会有的问题是：阅读文本这么长，究竟怎么在45s内抓住k1/k2并记下文本内容?
合理的方法是：不要全看!不用担心，只看两到三句话的文本内容是不会影响你理解的，而真正能带给价值的信息点也只在那二三句话中。那怎么权衡是否读这句话呢?
请根据主语原则判断。即：
1.人>非人
2.if无人，动物视人
3.if 人>=3 专人>普人
4.landmark
遵循这四条原则，基本能解决大部分句子。一一来看。
1.表示人做主语优先于非人的主语。试想investigations 和 people 分别做主语的句子，哪个才可能出现术语的解释呢?
2.动物视人很好理解，这个术语的subject为animal
3.如果通篇出现多个句子都是人做主语，就要区分人的种类了。专人表示特定人，普人表示general的概述。
4.landmark可以看作signal，提示passage的重点部分，这点相信考过GMAT的很好理解。A BUT B，请直接跳过A，重点看B;X therefore Y 请看 Y
以下以TPO中的一篇举例练习。
Scatter Hoarding
Many animals live in environments where food is plentiful during certain times of the year and scarce during other times of the year.
In such environments, some animals collect and prepare food when it is plentiful, then hoard it –store it –for future use. Some types of hoarders engage in scatter hoarding.
Unlike other types of hoarders, scatter hoarders do not store the food all in once p lace; instead, they scatter it –divide it up and hide it in many different places.
Later, at a time when food is scarce, the hoarders return to these hiding places and recover the food.
这一篇讲得是动物的「分散囤食」行为
首先看标题：scatter 分散 divide的意思 标题具有提示作用。hoarding 可能看不懂，不要紧往下
第一句 many animals 普人先不看
第二句 some animals 范围小了点 但还是普人 同时第一句全面排除
第三句 scatter hoarders 和标题高度重合，专人出现，第二句排除 还有unlike landmark，重点关注 do not 先不看，看他们做了什么：divide/scatter food hide in different places
第四句 later 明显和前一句是一个process的层级，关注动作： (food inssarce) return and recover food
这样练下来会发现 45s内完全足够抓住TOPIC/ SUBJECT/ K1/ K2 这四个要点了
看如何答题
1.先讲reading: According to the reading material, (topic) enables/causes (subject) to (K1+K2)
注解：enable可用作正面效果，cause负面效果
2.总起lecture: In the lecture, we heard about a case to illustrate it, which was based on (case description)
3.K1对应： Particularly, we heard from the professor that (I1), which shows that (K1 passive)
注解：K1可做变为被动形式，以避免用词重复感
4.K2对应：When it comes to how (K2), there was evidence from the listening that (I2)
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Q5 Conversation- Problem
Q5/Q6 为listening+ speaking形式，其中Q5为校园生活内容，Q6为课堂lecture内容。
listening：
一男一女谈话，其中一方出现困扰的问题，谈话双方会提出两个解决方案，但方案都存在问题。
题目要求：
The speakers discuss two possible solutions to the woman’s problem. Briefly summarize the problem then state which solution you recommend and explain why.
下面总结信息点：
1.problem
2.two solutions
3.your solution and reason
另外：
还有一个隐含的大家可能没有注意到，谈话双方给出solution之后，其实都有问题，所以你必须谈及两个solution对应的challenge
注释：
two solution要明确是谁提出的，可能存在以下情况：1)问题方好基友一人一个/2)问题方自己想出两个/3)好基友想出两个
接下来看如何组织语言及逻辑顺序：
problem: In the conversation, the w/m's problem is ...p(a)..., but ...p(b)...
solutions: 对应上文：
1) The m/w suggested that ..., while the w/m thought of...
2) The w/m thought of two ideas: either to S1 or to S2
3) the m/w gave two suggestions: either to S1 or to S2
challenge:
However, neither of two ideas seemed to work out, as the former + C1 , and the later + C2
your solution:
If I were the w/m in the conversation, I prefer the former/ later, because...
几个误区：
1. problem
problem part经常出现的以下两个错误：
1) 只有一个problem：美国人的思维偏向于不喜欢麻烦别人，因而你单单提出一个problem是不够的。你要体现的是对话人物出现一个困难，这并没有什么，但是问题在于又另一个问题将问题升级，可以理解为处于一个实在无路可走的境地。
以TPO28举例
(woman) Hey mike, did you finish that article you were writing for the campus newspaper? The one about the school play.
(man) Not yet. Remember how I was going to interview the student who’s directing it?
(woman): Yeah, you said that was going to be a big part of the article.
(man): Right! And I was going to make my article about what the director said, since she knows about picking the play, choosing the cast, designing the set…everything! But I just called and it turns out that she’s got a bad cold…she’s sick!
以上是听力文本节选，
由此可以看出：conversation中的man出现以下问题：p(a) student director who will be interviewed is sick; p(b) the interview will be a big part of the article
p(a)是困难，p(b)使得问题的严重性凸显，两个组合在一起才是真正的problem
2) background当做problem
经常会出现的作答是：the man will interview the student director but she is sick
但是事实上这种作答的前半部分只是background而已，并非problem，这样的叙述不够切入主题
而前者的回答方式不仅囊括了后一种的内容并提出了真正问题所在
2. your solution
考生甚至很多机构老师一直缺乏对这个part的关注，实际上却存在着很大的误区。
这个部分需要你主观上认可的solution，并给出理由，常见的有两种错误理由
1) 洗脑式
2) 无路可走式
举个栗子
(man) How’s it going, Marie? Weren’t you away this past weekend?
(woman) Yeah, I flew out to see my family in Boston for the weekend, just got back from the airport actually. What a mess! My flight was delayed several hours cause of the bad weather.
(man) Oh, yeah, there was that big storm out East, huh?
(woman) Right, so I was at the airport like all night waiting for my flight to leave. I was supposed to arrive back to campus last night, but, instead, I got in early this morning.
(man) You must be exhausted.
(woman) I am. I hardly got any sleep, just a short nap on the plane. And I am supposed to, I can’t believe it, I am supposed to give a presentation in my history class today, an hour from now.
(man) What kind of presentation?
(woman) It’s a ten-minute presentation on a paper I wrote. And then there’s an answer, a question-and-answer session afterward, where the professor and other students ask me questions about my history paper and stuff.
(man) Well, I bet if you told your professor what happened, how the flight was delayed and you didn’t get any sleep, I bet your professor would let you do the presentation on a different day.
(woman) Yeah, she’d probably let me reschedule. I just don’t know if I want to put it off. I’ve got a lot of other stuff coming up, big assignments.
(man) Oh!
(woman) I could just give the presentation today, I mean, I did prepare a lot for it last week. So, I don’t know, maybe I should just grab a cup of coffee or something and go through with it.
(man) Well, if you feel OK with that.
(woman) Well, I’m definitely tired. I wouldn’t be as quick or sharp as I normally am but I’ve got an hour to go over my notes and the coffee should help wake me up.
(好长... 这篇回答点开来大家一定很醉吧...滚动条君变得好瘦好瘦)
两个solution分别是：reschedule the pre / give the pre today
假设选了S2 give the pre today
洗脑式的原因会试图说服你S2遇到的C2根本不叫事儿，不会出现C2的，强行灌输：这个woman还是会表现好啦，即时休息不好也没关系啦，不会影响的啦 blabla
请记住!永远不要质疑或者试图否定对话给你的信息
至于无路可走式的原因会避而不谈S2，反而跑去说S1的缺点：换一天做pre可能别的同学也要做，时间会冲突Prof会觉得你没有准备好，留下不好的影响 种.种
这两种错误都非常致命，要你给出solution的理由，你要做的是：overcome/confront conversation中的challenge，点对点的克服和解决才是真正想听到的内容：比如：the woman could set the alarm for an hour and take a nap，这才是解决rest不够的方法。请一定记得直面challenge!
这是我找TPO原文的时候在某东方找到的解答，顺便贴出来，划线部分1即为第二种错误，划线部分2即为第一种错误
I personally prefer the second solution. Because firstly, she says that she will have a lot of other tasks to do. If she put off the presentation, maybe it is difficult for her to find another proper time to give the speech. Secondly, if she has prepared enough for the presentation, she still can make a good presentation even though she is very tired, and the coffee also can help a lot.
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Q6 Listening- Lecture
如约来码第六题，Q6与Q4具有相似性，同为lecture内容，并且同样可以快速提分。
listening中Professor会讲一个话题，分为两个部分讲述。话题涉及：psychology/biology/business等，可以是一个行为的两种方式，一个术语的两种定义，一个现象的两种解释等等，但一定是『一分二』的情况。话题中多数情况会涉及case来说明。
经常碰到的做法是：listening一路记下来，洋洋洒洒，非常乱，顶多划线进行不同part的区分，20s准备时间努力分辨与圈画出准备讲的点，到时间再从上至下一路读下来。这样一来不好取舍重要次要，二来思维紊乱结构不清，请记住题目要求：
Using the points and examples from the lecture, explain the (……)described by the professor.
请记住题目不是请你复述professor说的话，而是根据lecture内容自己explain
怎么结构清晰，做好笔记呢?
上图是我在word里敲的，大家可以在平常练习的时候尝试一下，画一个3×5的表格，左边X0/1/2可以不记。接下来依次解释：
1. 先看行标题
X0表示『一分二』的一，即为大的话题，因而任何隶属于大范围的内容都请记入该行。例如：该lecture谈到 definitions of money 就请『置顶』记入X0/n. 单元格内，置顶是为了留下空间给它可能的其他详解。
X1/2表示『二』子话题。例如：具体的money definition，narrow记入X1/n.; broad记入X2/n.
2. 再看列标题
n. 表示对该定义/种类/方式的详解。例如：在讲到广义货币的概念时说到："anything that people can use to make purchases with" 听到以上内容，就可以火速在X2/n. 记下：make purchases
adj. 表示该内容的特点。例如：讲到attention的两种type："The first type is active, active attention is voluntary",X1/adj.加下：voluntary
v. 表示process或者如何具体的动宾形式的解释。
例如：TPO28，湖泊消失的两种方式：X1: naturally
First let’s look at one way that lakes can disappear naturally, and that is, by gradually getting filled in with organic sediment. This often happens with lakes that have lots of plants growing in them. When the plants die, they break down into a muddy substance, which falls to the bottom of the lake, they’ re then replaced by new plants, which eventually also die and fall to the bottom.
And over the years, all this dead plant material builds up on the bottom of the lake, and as builds up, it starts to fill up the lake, and there’s less and less room for water, and eventually the lake gets completely filled in, and disappears.
划线部分全都是在讲process，眼前一黑...我估摸着数了一下大概有10+个动词= =# 事实上你不用记那么多：只要你能够恢复整个过程的大致样子就OK了，并且考官评分并不是要你抓住lecture的全部point的，一般而言70%的内容就足够你该题拿到满分。那什么叫大致样子呢?试想有9个动词：v1/2/3/4/5/6/7/8/9，你如果只抓三个，你觉得哪种情况更能体现过程?1) v1/v2/v3 2)v1/v4/v7 显然是后者，另外教授的讲述过程为了学生理解是会出现同义词的重述，同样的词你并不需要在explain时进行重复。 那上题要抓的：plant die/ fill up the lake/ water no room/ lake disappear 就OK了
cause
effect
这两者很好理解，就不做赘述了
基本上表格完成之后，就可以直接说理不需要准备时间。In the lecture, the professor mainly discussed X0/ X0n.....这种方法的好处在于条理很清晰，不同格子之间的转换你会有明显察觉，可以自然而然地加上it is because... As a result... meaning... Here's what happens...Blabla 怎么高兴怎么来
另外，并不是每个格子都会填满的，这个想必大家很清楚。
------------------------------------分割线------------------------------------
关于Q1/Q2 如何想reason /Q3 的point怎么划分开的疑问：
之前有提过会在最后说如何想Q1/Q2理由，Q3为什么有三个point明明看上去好像有些内容是一个点的问题。
想谈谈 7 Golden E's 这不仅对以上内容有帮助，也对Q3/Q5的听力内容预见性，独立写作都有裨益。
7 Golden E's 是西方人在日常生活中分析问题的7大角度，分别为以下几点：
E1: Economy
E2: Environment & Health
E3: Efficiency & Effectiveness
E4: Equality & Fairness
4.1 All men are created equal
4.2 Whoever makes the decision takes the responsibility
4.3 Organizations cannot dominate individuals
E5: Existence & Feasibility
5.1 space
5.2 safety & reliability
5.3 necessity & substitution
5.4 ability skill or idea
E6: Ethics and culture
E7: Extensive Influence
前六个都没什么好说的，下面的小点是每个E的分支，第七个类似保险中的兜底条款，也只是给了其他理由的余地。
熟练掌握这7点之后，你就能轻易划分不同point，也能够更加容易地表达出能够支撑你观点的point，避免考试时脑子一片空白。
另外，对于Q3，如果对话人物采取disagree态度，要明确TA对文本内容的反驳必须一一对应及解决，这种对应关系只存在7E的层级。也就是说我可以用5.1反驳你的5.3，但是我一定必须直面E5问题。
Reference
TPO1- Q1
TPO29- Q4
TPO28-Q5
TPO29-Q5
TPO28-Q6
P.S. 模版什么只是例子，重点在结构和信息点，鼓励大家按照自己舒服的方式更改，这样真正考试也不会因为不熟悉而卡壳。
P.P.S. 收藏数>赞同数 让我很神伤T T ，乖，赞一个嘛，么么哒~
终于码完，希望有帮助=) 祝大家110~
托福口语22分和26分，差距到底在哪?
托福的成绩单上，除了口语的单项分之外，还会按照Familiar Topics(日常话题)、Campus Situations(校园话题)和Academic Course Content(学术话题)三大部分给出Good/Fair/Weak/Limited这样的描述。
这四个描述是怎么给出的呢?
在托福改革前，口语共有6道题，每道题会由几位rater评分，分数区间在0-4分(整数)，取平均值就是你该道题的评价。
每个标准对应的分数区间是这样的：
综合6道题的评分，换算出最终口语分数的总分：
这就是改革前托福口语的评分标准以及分数转换表。但是自8月1日托福改革，口语删去了TASK1&5部分。
只有4道题目，分数该如何计算呢?
每道题的评分标准不变，依旧是0-4分的区间(整数)。无论是新托福还是旧版托福，最后口语总分都会被转化成0-30分。只不过改革后，ETS只用4道题的总分去换算，因此每一道题所占的分数比例更高。
ETS还没有出官方分数换算表，但是我们可以借鉴以下的换算例子来理解：
4,4,4,4 = 16/16 ➡ 30/30 points
4,4,4,3 = 15/16 ➡ 28/30 points
4,4,3,3 = 14/16 ➡ 26/30 points
4,3,3,3 = 13/16 ➡ 24/30 points
4,3,3,3 = 12/16 ➡ 23/30 points
...
在了解托福口语的分数机制后，你可能想要知道，
托福口语的具体评分标准是什么呢?
ETS官方把口语评分标准分为3个维度，他们分别是Delivery、Language Use、Topic Development。
我们来看一下官方指南(OG)对于以上3点的解释：
01
Delivery
Delivery ：How clear your speech is. Good responses are those in which the speech is fluid and clear, with good pronunciation, natural pacing, and natural-sounding intonation patterns.
语言表达：考生能否用清晰流畅的语言来表达，节奏适中，语音语调自然。
02
Language Use
Language Use：How effectively you use grammar and vocabulary to convey your ideas. Raters will be listening for how well you can control both basic and more complex language structures and use appropriate vocabulary.
语言运用：考生能否有效使用语法和词汇来传达自己的观点。考官会注意你的语言结构和词汇量。
03
Topic Development
Topic Development：How fully you answer the question and how coherently you present your ideas. Good responses generally use all or most of the time allotted, and the relationship between ideas and the progression from one idea to the next is clear and easy to follow.
主题发展：考生是否能完成命题的要求并连贯地表达自己的想法。好的表达应该在规定的时间内完成，并且各个论点之间额逻辑关系清晰。
综合描述：偏题，文章连贯性差，词汇、语言难以理解。
1分的回答具有以下的特征：
语言表达：语言不完整，频繁出现语音语调问题，给考官造成极大的理解困难。
语言运用：词汇量和语法使用能力差，严重影响文章内容的表达和语言的连贯性。有明显的套用模板痕迹。
主题发展：观点不确切、论点混淆不清导致偏题。
SCORE：2
综合描述：总体切题，但含义表达模糊，文章内容不一致。
2分的回答具有以下的特征：
语言表达：语言表达不清晰，存在语音语调、语速问题，给考官造成较大的理解困难。
语言运用：语法和词汇掌握有限，使用能力较低。
主题发展：回答切题，但结构不完整，各个观点之间衔接不清晰。
SCORE：3
综合描述：基本切题，内容流畅，但文章思路不够完整。
3分的回答具有以下的特征：
语言表达：语言表达基本清晰，存在稍许语音语调、语速问题，偶尔给考官造成理解困难。
语言运用：基本能准确运用语法和词汇，可能存在一些语言错误，但不会严重影响整体内容。
主题发展：满足问题要求，但结构不够完整。部分论点之间的衔接不清晰。
SCORE：4
综合描述：切题，回答清晰流畅。允许考生出现一些小错误。
4分的回答具有以下的特征：
语言表达：表达清晰，语言流畅，易于理解，可能存在少量语音语调问题。
语言运用：准确运用语法和词汇，可能有少量语言错误，但不影响整体内容。
主题发展：能圆满地回答问题，结构完整，表达连贯。
相信大家已经清晰地了解自己的托福口语与高分的差距在哪里了。
根据以上每个分值评分标准相关内容的不同，趴趴将获得托福口语高分的秘诀归纳为以下几点：
1
完整的内容和清晰的逻辑
"minor lapses in completeness"也表明了内容完整性的重要。不要以为发音准确，表述顺畅就能拿高分。ETS考察的是你用英语交流的能力，所以你的内容必须是圆满的，要有首有尾、有中间的内容，形成一个complete cycle，考官才能理解。
其次，在表达内容的时候逻辑要清晰有条理，而不用我们东方人的间接的“暗喻”，指望考官猜透你的心思。
通常我们在回答命题的时候比较清晰有效的结构是——总起+理由【论据】+(结尾)的结构。
总起句的目的是回答问题，表明你鲜明的态度，所以这个观点不要过于中立或者模棱两可，支持、反对、prefer A 或 B。不用过于复杂，能让考官直观了解你的观点即可。例如"I prefer to work in a small company or organization with a few workers, for 2 reasons."
理由作为中间的内容，目的是阐述清晰你为什么支持这个观点。理由的准备要充分，至少准备2个理由。其次每个理由都要展开细节，用详细的论据来支持，并适当加入一些具体的案例，这一步是为了增加论点的说服力，让你的文章没有那么空洞，使你的内容不仅仅停留于理论层面。要注意的是，理由之间是平行的关系，不能是重复或相悖的内容。理由确保了文章的"sustained"，细节也保证了内容的"sufficient"。
托福口语对结尾没有硬性的要求，结尾不会放到评分细节中。但正如前面所说的要形成一个"complete cycle"的话，结尾的总结会显得文章较为完整有条理性，会提升考官的印象。
总之，更重要的还是内容，结尾只是锦上添花的部分。
2
语言的准确运用(语音语调、语速、停顿)
1)语音语调的正常起伏与变化
语音语调与语言流畅自然的表达有直接的关系。
我们在看美剧的时候常会感觉老外的表达方式是不是太夸张了?其实，中文和英语在口语表达上有一个明显的区别是：讲中文的时候，我们的语调变化是比较少的，而英文恰恰相反。这也就导致了一个问题——我们在托福口语表达的时候语调平淡，缺乏起伏，也就是没有“重点”，这在考官听来是非常不自然的。
所谓的“重点”，就是抑扬顿挫、重读轻读的区别,做好这一点对于母语不同的我们必然是难的，但是有些技巧是我们能掌握的：
重音
注意你想强调的内容。举个例子，大家试着读一下这句话 "I want you to do well." 试着把重音放在不同的单词上，发现了吗?这句话强调的内容可以有很多种。这就是重音的作用。
合理的停顿次数和时间
或许大家普遍会认为，流畅的表达意味着过程中不能出现停顿，其实这种看法并不全面。
首先，没有停顿，一口气说到底的话会给考官留下不自然的印象，甚至认为你提前背了模板，影响得分。
适当的停顿反而能为你加分。适当的停顿可以把句式拆分成一小段一小段的部分，更有重点地表达，帮助听者理解的意思。其次，适当的停顿还可以赋予你的表达节奏感，起到引起注意、强调的作用。
但是由于托福口语的准备时间很短，考生可能会因为没有内容而停顿。在这种情况下，千万不要留白，可以用一些过渡词衔接，例如"well/i mean.../you know..."，尽量让你的表达比较自然。在此之间，要在脑海中组织语言，快速跟上思路。
2) 语速
对于语速大家可能有个普遍的误解：语速越快就说明我的表达越流利，语言掌握越熟练。
其实"Fluid expression" 不是“快”的意思，而是整体的“流畅”。试想一下，即使你有很好的构思和内容，因为语速太快导致考官听不懂而拿不到高分，是不是得不偿失呢?
其次，除了考官不适应超人的语速外，语速过快还会显得你回答没有重点。换句话说，就是上文说所得“没有语音语调、没有停顿”。
语速过快还会带来的一个问题是，你的表达中会夹杂许多你自己都没有意识到的小错误，包括语法精确，词汇发音的完整度等等。
在托福口语应试中要掌握让考官听着舒服、合适的语速是很重要的。趴趴建议考生们可以多听多读来练习，并且在平时练习的时候录下来，自己听听，反复纠正错误，才能达到好的效果。
3) 语言的准确性以及表达的复杂性
在准备独立口语的部分，很多同学会准备一些“高大上”的词汇，作为拿高分的筹码，事实果真如此吗?
不是。其实这是一个雷区。
托福口语考试中独立部分都是基于日常内容的。你试想一下，你在日常生活中会遇到那种不常见的单词和很拗口的句子吗?显然不会。所以趴趴建议大家尽量不要把“高大上”的词汇作为高分必杀技。第一，考官并不吃这一套;第二，很可能增加了你的错误率。
如果你想表现得出众一点，可以尝试多用简单句结合复合句的表达。what引导的名词性从句就是一个很不错的选择，尤其是在表达个人观点时。例如，在表达自己偏好的时候可以说：What i think he should do is......,其实这类句型难度并不高，若能好好使用会有很大的益处。
其次，提升衔接词的使用能力也是很好的加分项。根据评分标准，我们可以总结出考生需要有很好的连贯性。有些考生会过多依赖万能衔接词and，但其实当and置于句首时用意很朦胧，所以考生还需根据自身的表达含义选取合适的衔接词。例如，在阐述理由和观点时，如关系表现为递进关系，那么考生除了and外，还可以使用also, in addition, on top of that...
总之，不建议考生在没把握的情况下过多使用高级词汇，表达的复杂性或许是个更好的选择，这样就可以避免考官因为相似的句型而产生的听觉疲劳了。
3
规范的表述方式
规范的表述方式指的是不能出现太过于随意的口语表达。
托福口语考试毕竟是考试，不是日常聊天，ETS考察的内容是你口语规范化的使用而不是你的聊天水平。
举个例子，日常对话中这样的一个句子：
I believe, well, how do I put it, right, it's not right to judge a person by his appearance.
这句话其实内容表达不错，观点也很正确，但是在规范性上显然是有所不足的，开头出现了太多随意的内容。
比较规范的表述应该是I believe it's not right to judge a person by his appearance.
如果大家还是不太能理解规范化的含义，那么不妨设身处地回想一下，你在平时和同学朋友随意聊天以及面对老师长辈讨论一些严肃话题时说话方式是否一样。
而且，规范的表述方式，既能体现你对口语的重视，也能展示你表述时的自信和从容。无论哪一点，都会给考官留下一个好印象，对评分有很好的影响。
4
重视话题的展开度
话题展开作为三大评分维度之一，可想而言是很重要的。
虽然托福口语的命题还是比较宽泛的，考生可以自由发挥，但是如果你说了半天却都是废话、没有展开话题必然会导致扣分。
当此类话题涉及到是否同意某一个观点和看法时，可以先确立自己的立场，同意or反对，确立好立场就可以继续发展下去了。这里趴趴建议大家可以参照托福写作，在构思一个简单的框架的基础上展开话题。然后考生应该围绕话题按照自己的观点提出几个论点，并且填入细节来丰富完善自己的表达内容，讲清楚要描述的事物或叙述的主体。这样内容表达更有逻辑性，叙事也能具备明确的结构脉络。
大家可以在平时适当训练看到话题就搭建表述框架的能力，看到题目就能迅速在草稿纸上罗列出自己要说的几个论点，之后再跟着自己罗列的论点来说就能满足话题展开度的要求了。
托福口语经典80题及范文模板
1. Describe a book that you believe is the most useful to you. Please explain the reason and include specific examples and details in your explanation.
The most important book for me is my undergraduate major textbook which is called marketing. Because as we all know that marketing is a kind of major which cuts across the boundaries of many different disciplines, so it broadens my knowledge scope, such as the aspects of advertising and trade. On the other hand, well, a plenty of cases are included in this book, in addition, many definitions can explained very acceptable so it definitely helps me to get a deeply understanding of my major.
The most useful book for me is the English dictionary. Firstly, many English words have more than one meaning and always confuse me. The dictionary can help me get over by offering many detailed explanations and examples. In addition, I can also learn how to apply the new words into writing and speaking by studying the examples earnestly. Furthermore, I can learn a lot of knowledge beside new words. For example, it is very likely that a good dictionary illustrate a specific animal or plant with a picture. Thus, we get more information out of the dictionary.
2. Which of the following statements do your agree with? Please give specific reasons for your opinion. Some believe that TV programs have a positive influence on modern society. Others, however, think that the influence of TV programs is negative.
As far as I am concerned, television has more positive effects towards the modern society than its negative sides. First, from the news broadcasting in the television, we can know what is happening in the outside world even without stepping out our living room with television in it. And second, watching television with family members after supper is a good way to relax after a hard day?s work. What?s more, its visual effect makes people feel less stressed and has a great influence on the way people think and talk.
Well In my view, television has a positive effect for modern society. Firstly, it offers us an efficient and convenient way to get the latest news. You can directly see what has happened around the entire world just in your home. Moreover, television also has brought us a visual enjoyment and broadened our knowledge by different types of programs. Finally, television can release job seeking pressure at some extent, by providing a job chance for people who are willing to be engaged in related career.
3. Describe the most important decision that you made in your life.
Personally speaking, the most important decision that I have made in my life is to choose marketing as my major in university, as we all know that marketing is a kind of major which cuts across the boundaries of many different disciplines, so in order to learn it well, I have to learn various subjects such as international trade and brand management. What?s more, I?m little timidity in front of challenges such as doing the presentation and negotiation, I guess most of the people may have this kind of stage fright, So marketing is a major can definitely anneal myself. During the studies in university, I learned hard and practiced as much as I could. Finally, I got the highest GPA in my grade.
The most important decision that I have ever made is when I was 19 years old. I chose chemistry as my major in my college. It?s of great importance because it determines what I will learn and what I will do the next four years. What is more, it partly determines my future career for the rest of my life. After four years of study, I think I made a right decision, because I do like chemistry and have learned a lot of skills. I also have learned how to create an idea and implement it in my study and scientific research, which is an important ability during my lifetime.
4. Some people believe that the high school should teach music and art as other basic science. Some people think that providing music and art education for high school students is not necessary. What is your opinion and why?
I bet no one could deny that the main responsibility of a high school is to help its students develop various abilities not only the academic abilities. In other words, music and art should be viewed as basic science. Firstly, it is very important to get fully educated for students. Music and art can help the students appreciate beauty in our lives, and that will broaden knowledge scope of students. Also Music and art do good to students? mentality. A sound mentality is essential to the student?s future.
I bet no one could deny the fact that the main responsibility of a high school is to help its students develop academic abilities. But for a student himself, it is also very important to get fully educated in other fields like music and art as well as basic science. Music and art can help the students appreciate the beauty in our lives and that will also increase the efficiency of their basic science study. And on the other hand, research has shown that music and art develop the right part of the brain which often influences one's emotions, and nowadays people talk more and more about the importance of EQ, so I believe providing music and art education for high school students is absolutely necessary.
5. What do you do in your spare time? Please include specific details in your statement.
When I have time to kill, I usually like to surf the internet to pay close attention to new fashion trade. Such as the fashion week, respectively, New York fashion week, Paris fashion week, London fashion week and Milan fashion week. The rest of time, I usually go to the library to find some valuable books and a park to relax myself. There are many books to my taste, such as fashion magazines, inspirational books, and professional books. These books can make me healthier and energetic. And last thing I’d like to do when I am free is to eat out with my family members. You may be surprised to know that I have tried all the restaurants in our community!
When I have leisure time, I look forward to spending it outdoors. Breathing fresh air and enjoying the natural light of sunshine are a nice break from the closed in atmosphere of my office. Once outside in a healthy environment, my choice of activities is limitless. Mostly I enjoy walks with friends. We like to explore new parts of the city. Sometimes we head out of town and try a new hiking trail in the woods. The outdoors is a great place to meet other like-minded people who are interested in fitness. Recently, I met someone on a walking trail. During our walk we found out we are both sighed up for golf lessons at the local club. In addition, he is interested in joining my friends and I in forming a volleyball team. The outdoors offers a great opportunity to spend free time alone or with friends.
