一定要知道的GRE写作四大潜规则

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一定要知道的GRE写作四大潜规则

一、娴熟掌握GRE写作题库

为了到达公正，ETS发布了它考试的一切写作题库，那么为了到达能和native speaker一同竞赛，考生应当在考前对一切标题都进行预习(节省考试时的审题时间)，并经过100-150个提纲的写作了解gre写作的通常构造，经过30-50篇写作来操练自个的写作思路和表达。对题库中的标题越娴熟，对考试越有利。

二、新GRE写作投合评卷人的评卷思路

每个评卷人对你文章的评阅非常快，不行能对每个细节都很细心地去看。考生应当投合评卷人的评卷思路，用最规范的构造和最清晰的表达来表现自个的思路：首段要明显地提出观念，中心阶段层次要摆开，每段的开端应当就是该段的topic sentence。

三、新GRE写作的评分重视三方面

首要，从ETS发布的各分数段评分标准看，其评分首要重视以下三个方面：

①、逻辑剖析才能(请求insightful)sanas②、文章的安排(请求well-organized)

③、言语才能(请求standard written English; concise; varied structure等)

四、尽量进步AI有些的写作才能而力保AA有些满分

因为AA的写作不牵涉自个观念的打开，只须指出作者逻辑上的缝隙，因此在经过训练以后，写起来并不艰难;而AI的写作需求自个打开自个建立的观念，不光需求逻辑上的洞察才能，还需求证明观念的才能，言语安排的才能，因此关于我国考生来讲对比艰难，难以短期内有较大进步。

GRE重点话题之质疑精神

Skepticism

Skepticism refers to the philosophic position holding that the possibility of knowledge is limited either because of the limitations of the mind or because of the inaccessibility of its object. It is more loosely used to denote any questioning attitude. Extreme skepticism holds that no knowledge is possible, but this is logically untenable since the statement contradicts itself. During the Renaissance the influence of ancient skepticism was reflected preeminently in the writings of the 16th-century French philosophical essayist Michel de Montaigne. The greatest exponent of modern skepticism was the 18th-century Scottish empiricist philosopher David Hume. In his Treatise of Human Nature (1739-1740) and An Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding (1748), Hume questions the possibility of demonstrating the truth of beliefs about the external world, causal connections, future events, or such metaphysical entities as the soul and God. The 18th-century German philosopher Immanuel Kant, while attempting to overcome Hume's skepticism, denied the possibility of knowing things in themselves or of achieving metaphysical knowledge. In the 19th century, the German philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche denied the possibility of complete objectivity, and thus of objective knowledge, in any field. The 20th-century American philosopher George Santayana, claiming to have taken Hume's skepticism a step further, maintained, in his work Scepticism and Animal Faith (1923), that belief in the existence of anything, including oneself, rests on a natural, but irrational impulse. Elements of skepticism may be found in other modern schools of philosophy, including pragmatism, analytic and linguistic philosophy, and existentialism.

Philosophical skepticism

In philosophical skepticism, pyrrhonism is a position that refrains from making truth claims. A philosophical skeptic does not claim that truth is impossible (which would be a truth claim). The label is commonly used to describe other philosophies which appear similar to philosophical skepticism, such as "academic" skepticism, an ancient variant of Platonism that claimed knowledge of truth was impossible. Empiricism is a closely related, but not identical, position to philosophical skepticism. Empiricists see empiricism as a pragmatic compromise between philosophical skepticism and nomothetic science; philosophical skepticism is in turn sometimes referred to as "radical empiricism."

Philosophical skepticism originated in ancient Greek philosophy. One of its first proponents was Pyrrho of Elis (c. 360-275 B.C.), who traveled and studied as far as India, and propounded the adoption of 'practical' skepticism. Subsequently, in the 'New Academy' Arcesilaos (c. 315-241 B.C.) and Carneades (c. 213-129 B.C.) developed more theoretical perspectives, by which conceptions of absolute truth and falsity were refuted. Carneades criticized the views of the Dogmatists, especially supporters of Stoicism, asserting that absolute certainty of knowledge is impossible. Sextus Empiricus (c. A.D. 200), the main authority for Greek skepticism, developed the position further, incorporating aspects of empiricism into the basis for asserting knowledge.

Greek skeptics criticized the Stoics, accusing them of dogmatism. For the skeptics, the logical mode of argument was untenable, as it relied on propositions which could not be said to be either true or false without relying on further propositions. This was the regress argument, whereby every proposition must rely on other propositions in order to maintain its validity. In addition, the skeptics argued that two propositions could not rely on each other, as this would create a circular argument (as p implies q and q implies p). For the skeptics such logic was thus an inadequate measure of truth which could create as many problems as it claimed to have solved. Truth was not, however, necessarily unobtainable, but rather an idea which did not yet exist in a pure form. Although skepticism was accused of denying the possibility of truth, in actual fact it appears to have mainly been a critical school which merely claimed that logicians had not discovered truth.

Scientific skepticism

A scientific (or empirical) skeptic is one who questions the reliability of certain kinds of claims by subjecting them to a systematic investigation. The scientific method details the specific process by which this investigation of reality is conducted. Considering the rigor of the scientific method, science itself may simply be thought of as an organized form skepticism. This does not mean that the scientific skeptic is necessarily a scientist who conducts live experiments (though this may be the case), but that the skeptic generally accepts claims that are in his/her view likely to be true based on testable hypotheses and critical thinking.

Common topics that scientifically-skeptical literature questions include health claims surrounding certain foods, procedures, and medicines, such as homeopathy, Reiki, Thought Field Therapy (TFT), vertebral subluxations; the plausibility of supernatural entities (such as ghosts, poltergeists, angels, and gods); as well as the existence of ESP/telekinesis, psychic powers, and telepathy (and thus the credibility of parapsychology); topics in cryptozoology, Bigfoot, the Loch Ness monster, UFOs, crop circles, astrology, repressed memories, creationism, dowsing, conspiracy theories, and other claims the skeptic sees as unlikely to be true on scientific grounds.

Most empirical or scientific skeptics do not profess philosophical skepticism. Whereas a philosophical skeptic may deny the very existence of knowledge, an empirical skeptic merely seeks likely proof before accepting that knowledge.

GRE优秀作文素材：日本出游人数变化

The chart below shows the number of Japanese tourists traveling abroad between 1985 and 1995 and the graph reveals Australia's share of the Japanese tourist market.

Write a report for a university lecturer describing the information shown below.

这两个图分别显示了从1985到1995年十年间日本出国旅游的游客数量以及到澳大利亚的游客数量。

The chart and the graph respectively show the number of Japanese tourists traveling abroad and the number of Japanese tourists to Australia from 1985 to 1995.

如图所示，日本出国旅游和前往澳大利亚的游客数量都成稳步上升的趋势。

As is indicated in the chart and graph, there was a steady increase both in the number of Japanese tourists traveling abroad and in Australia's share of Japan's tourist market.

首先，从1985到1995年十年里，日本出国旅游的人数增长了3倍，从最初的五百万增长到最高的一千五百万。唯一例外的是1991这一年，与前一年相比略微有所降低。但是，其它年份都呈现出逐步增长态势。

To begin with, from 1985 to 1995, the number of Japanese tourists traveling abroad was tripled, growing from just about 5 million to more than 15 million. The only exception was the year of 1991, when there was a slight decline as compared with the previous year. By contrast, all the other years witnessed a gradual increase.

另外，按第二个图所示，在前三年，到澳大利亚旅游的日本游客比例从2%快速上升至4.8%，增长了2.8%。然而，在接下去的一年，我们看到了略微的下降。然而从1989年到1993年，我们又看到了令人瞩目的快速增长，从4.2%大幅增长到6.2%，这也是这十年间出现的最高点，最终在1994年以6%收尾。

Second, the graph displays that during the first three years, the percentage of Japanese tourists to Australia rocketed from 2% to 4.8%. This is an increase b y 2.8%. Nonetheless, in the following year, we see a slight drop. Surprisingly, between 1989 and 1993, there appeared a significant rise from 4.2% to 6.2%, which was the peak in the designated decade, and it ended up at 6% in 1994.

综上所述，日本出国旅游的人数以及选择澳大利亚作为目的地的人数在十年间显示出全面上升的趋势。

To sum up, the number of Japanese tourists traveling abroad and those Japanese people who chose to go to Australia as destination both showed an overall trend of rise over a span of 10 years.

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