托福写作用词霸道的技巧

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托福写作用词霸道的技巧

语词的选择

写作中用词不准确是很容易犯的毛病，good，terrible，see，nice，kind，greatly，think，know，something等词汇在学生作文中反复出现。这些词本身并没有问题，是英语常用词，但是它们表达的意思过于模糊，很多情况下，应该使用意义更加准确的词。况且，学生老是使用这几个词会给人以表达形式单调，词汇量贫乏，文章缺乏感染力的印象。下面的一些例子，通过换用一、两个准确生动的词语或是运用一些固定搭配及习语就使整个句子增色不少。

1.Original: Solving trivial problems in the dorm will add your social experience and help you to understand other people’s feelings and learn to be kind.

Revised: Solving trivial problems in the dorm will enrich your social experience and help you to understand other people’s feelings and learn to be considerate.

亮点评析

add，kind表达的含义都比较宽泛。add可以指数量上的增加，也可以指程度的加强，对于“丰富经验、增加知识”这个意思，用enrich会使表达更准确。kind从字面意义上讲是“好的、善良的”，用kind来形容人无法具体地表现出一个人的性格特征到底怎样，原句中是想表达“考虑周到、体贴入微”的特点，要准确表达这个含义应选择considerate。

2. Original: Science and technology have greatly influenced our lives and our society is changing very rapidly.

Revised: Science and technology have come to pervade every aspect of our lives and, as a result, society is changing at a speed which is quite unprecedented.

亮点评析

greatly，rapidly属于常用词，表示程度高、速度快，这样的词在表达效果上不够具体，缺乏说服力，在修改后的句子中用了pervade every aspect of our lives就具体生动地表现出科技的影响力到底有多大，其影响力已渗透到我们生活的方方面面，at a speed which is quite unprecedented意为“以一种前所未有的速度”，形象地道出了变化速度之快。

3. Original: Young people tend to think that real life is as nice and interesting as it is in the novels and movies, while more experienced adults think this kind of naive daydream will only be destroyed by later experiences and every one should learn to get used to common everyday life.

Revised: Young people tend to think that real life is as dramatic and fascinating as it is in the novels and movies, while more experienced adults think this kind of naive daydream will only be destroyed by later experiences and every one should learn to get used to tedious everyday life.

亮点评析

nice，interesting，common都属于普通词汇，用到句子中也显得平淡苍白。nice的意思是“好的，令人愉快的”，interesting是“有趣的”，这两个词都不能准确地描绘出年轻人所憧憬的美好生活，句中想表达的是年轻人认为生活如同小说、电影一般充满戏剧变化，激动人心，要体现这层含义应该用dramatic，fascinating。dramatic表示“刺激的，戏剧性的，给人深刻印象的”，fascinating表示“具有强烈吸引力的，迷人的，使人神魂颠倒的”，这两个词的程度要比nice，interesting深得多，表现力也更强。原句用common表达实际的现实生活的枯燥无味是不准确的，common的意思是“普通的，平常的”，普通平常的东西不一定是枯燥的，tedious是表示“(因过长、过慢或单调)令人厌倦的，烦人的”，恰好传达出现实生活由于琐碎和重复而变得索然无味这种含义。

4. Original: You should compete to live in this society.

Revised: You should compete for survival; otherwise, you will be thrown out of the tide of society.

亮点评析

原句平平淡淡，只是告诉人们要在社会立足，必须竞争，但这样一句简单的劝告似乎缺乏说服力，修改后的句子用了compete for survival，为了生存而竞争，而且后面又添加了一个并列分句，补充说明了如果不compete的后果就是be thrown out of the tide of society，被社会的浪潮所淘汰，使用这些更加具体深刻的词汇能够形象生动地表现出竞争的惨烈。

5.Original: I really believe that smoking is harmful to people’s health.

Revised: I have a profound conviction that smoking is harmful to people’s health.

亮点评析

conviction的意思是“坚定的看法或信仰”，have a profound conclusion表示对某种看法深信不疑，作文中提出观点的句子用have a profound conclusion会比用believe态度更坚决，立场更鲜明，而且believe这个词非常简单，是英语初学者就应掌握的词汇，换成have a profound conclusion立即增加了句子的复杂程度，体现了较强的语言运用能力。类似的提出观点的表达还有：

I hold a point of view that…

I hold the opinion that…

6.Original: We know that sometimes success is measured by how much money you earn.

Revised: It does not surprise us to discover that sometimes success is measured in terms of the money you earn.

亮点评析

如上句的believe一样，know也是非常初级的词汇，作文中出现I believe that…，I know that…这样的表达只能体现考生写作技巧的稚嫩，用It does not surprise us to discover that…替换We know that…并没有改变原句的含义，却使全句顿时增添了亮点。

7.Original: We all know that most factories would be of no use if there were not clean water supply.

Revised: It goes without saying that most factories would be of no use if there were not clean water supply.

亮点评析

同上例一样，know这样的初级词汇应避免在作文中使用，It goes without saying that…是一个固定结构，意思是“……是不言而喻的”，常在作文中用来引经据典或表明一个尽人皆知的道理，类似的表达还有：

An old saying goes that…

Proverb goes that…

It is universally acknowledged that…

It is generally accepted that…

8.Original: Some other people think that people should read extensively.

Revised: Another position says that people should read extensively.

亮点评析

同know，believe一样，think也应该尽量避免使用，修改后的句子中是用Another position says that…代替think提出另一种观点，也可以用hold a point of view，hold the opinion这样的短语替换。

9.Original: The unexpected win of the match give us confidence.

Revised: The unexpected win of the match boost our confidence.

亮点评析

give也属于英语中最初级、最基本的词汇，只表示“给，给予”这个动作，不涉及动作的性质和状态，若表示增添信心，增强士气，比较地道的说法是用boost confidence/morale，如：The change of management has boosted morale throughout the company. 管理模式的改变使整个公司上下士气倍受鼓舞。

10.Original: The use of drugs has increased greatly in the last ten years.

Revised: The use of drugs has increased significantly in the last ten years.

亮点评析

greatly是一般用语，表示程度高，“很，非常”，使用相当普遍而没有新意，在写作中应尽量避免使用这些通俗而又陈旧的词汇，应换用一些更加正式，更有说服力的词语，例如significantly表示达到了非常重要的或可观的程度，“重大的，可观的”，能够具体说明药品使用方面，增长幅度巨大。significantly还可以替换成considerably，tremendously等，同样具有不错的表达效果。

托福写作备考注意事项

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持一立场

针对某一个论题，每一种观点都有它的理由。同样，在托福作文中也不存在着唯一的观点和内容。这时，你可以从两个完全相反的观点中选择一个立场。关键在于你如何说服读者：尽管存在着相反的立场，你的观点从总体上来说仍然是最具说服力的。

一般说来，应该选择那个政治上正确的或者大多数考生会选择的观点。当然，如果你不擅长写这种文章，你可以适当地调整一下内容以适应你较习惯的舒服的表达方式。但总的说来，文章要均衡，不要包含高度争议性的论述。不要把这里当成思想家的论坛。写一篇高度争议性的文章只会让读者对你产生偏见，同时也会使电脑评分器费解，因为这种文章和其数据库里所储存的文章差别太大。所以，针对问题时尽量使用较冷静平和的语气。尽管如此，你也不能不选择一个立场。你必须选择一个将要“出现”在开头段落和结论段落里的观点。当然，考试时，题目会让你选择一种观点，但你必须明确地表述出来。

文章的深度

每篇文章你只有30分钟，这么短的时间内你不可能覆盖每一个推理，反驳和例子。当你开始考试时，抽出几分钟的时间确定要写的论点和例子。你不必包含每个论题和概念。大部分学生都没有足够的时间覆盖他想覆盖的内容。所以，只要选择其中最具说服力的点和例子。其实，判分者也不期望你对每个论题都作深入的探讨。

这里最重要的是你的作文不要离题。抓住要点。不要扯远了也不要过分集中在某个例子上。

托福写作关于健康的素材

运动

In contemporary society, a multitude of people are increasingly aware of the fundamentality of maintaining health, so as to enjoying better life quality and longevity. In order to possess a healthy body, not only need we keep a nutritious diet and adequate sleep, it is crucial for individuals to form the habit of exercising regularly, as sports and health are intrinsically connected. Doing sports will greatly increase people's metabolism, and strengthen our physique. Sports also help to refresh people's mind from brainwork all day and night, and even more surprisingly, exercising can stimulate people's brains to work more actively and creatively. Overall, sports are not the business of a small group of athletes, but a life-long pursuit that every person should bear in mind and endeavor to put it into practice. Not only do sports benefit individuals, the improvement of the nation's health would be a huge contribution to our country's development.

We might also cite an allegorical story. It is said that an individual’s life is accompanied with five balls, which are lover, family, career, health and friend. Lover, family, career and friends are all rubber balls, consequently, it could bound back when falling to ground. On the contrast, health is the unique glass ball, which is fragile enough to be ruined with a single drop.

The increasingly sedentary lifestyle will engender a higher incidence of ailments. More overweight people means more patients suffering from cardiovascular diseases such as vein hardening, diabetes and hypertension.

便利(节省时间\时间灵活\交通\休闲\健身\娱乐\吃喝\购物)

People are concerned about the efficiency with the accelerating tempo of life. The more the better. The fast the better. In this regard, X。X takes the top priority. For instance, whenever people click on a search engine and key in a few words into the search box, they will get huge amounts of information. The amazing thing is, all the searching is done in a few seconds, which spares people a great deal of time to enjoy the entertainment such as body-building, watching opera or a movie in their leisure time.

其他参考：

Telecommuting(在家办公) can spare workers the everyday chore of traveling back and forth to work.

Global cultural homogeneity has immensely enriched the lives of the denizens in developing countries. For instance, now Holly wood blockbusters typically get their first screening in China within a couple of days after their American premiere, and youths in China can download singles topping billboard charts from the Internet without having to scout around in a CD store. Enhanced TV connectivity affords Chinese viewers chances to see primetime American TV shows. This ease of access to a multitude of foreign amusements has really brightened up the lives of many.

例子从何而来

题目会告诉你可以利用自己的经历来展开你的论点，得出结论。这种方法是可以的，但不要过分。你的推理依据应该更偏向于所学到的知识而非个人经历。你所举的例子或者知识可能很吸引人，但不要试图深入。因为托福作文测试的是你基本写作能力，而非你的专业知识。留学生：尽量多读一些美国杂志，以适应美国人写作的习惯和跟上时代的潮流。

保持简洁

试着将自己放在评分者的位置上，他们整天在为作文判分。你希望看到一篇包含5段每段4句的简洁的有效的文章还是4段每段10句的散漫的文章呢?简而言之：确保你的作文干脆，简洁能取悦评分者。在Issue部分这尤其重要，因为在这里你表达的是你自己的观点。

托福写作的美式词语整理

aid=assist(帮助，援助)

alter=change or modify(改变)

ask=inquire(询问)

assail=denounce(谴责)

axe=dismiss\reduce(解雇，减少)

balk=impede(阻碍)

ban=prohibit or forbid(禁止)

bar=prevent(防止，阻止)

bare=expose or reveal(暴露，揭露)

blast=explode(爆炸)

begin=commence(开始)

bid=attempt(努力)

bilk=cheat(欺骗)

bolt=desert or abandon(放弃)

boost=increase(增加，提高)

check=examine(检查)

claim=ause the death of…(夺去……的生命)

clash=disagree strong1y(发生分歧，争议)

curb=control or restrict(控制)

dip=decIlne or decrease(下降)

ease=lessen(减轻，缓和)

end=terminate(结束，中止)

flay=criticize(批评)

flout=insult(侮辱)

foil=prevent from(阻止，防止)

grill = investigate(调查)

gut=destroy(摧毁)

head=direct(率领)

hold=arrest(逮捕)

laud=praise(赞扬)

lop=diminish(下降，减少)

map=work out(制订)

mark=celebrate(庆祝)

name=appoint\nominate(命名，提名)

moot=discuss(讨论)

mull=consider(考虑)

nab=arrest(逮捕)

nip=defeat(击败)

ease=lessen(减轻，缓和)

end=terminate(结束，中止)

flay=criticize(批评)

flout=insult(侮辱)

foil=prevent from(阻止，防止)

grill = investigate(调查)

gut=destroy(摧毁)

head=direct(率领)

hold=arrest(逮捕)

laud=praise(赞扬)

lop=diminish(下降，减少)

map=work out(制订)

mark=celebrate(庆祝)

name=appoint\nominate(命名，提名)

moot=discuss(讨论)

mull=consider(考虑)

nab=arrest(逮捕)

nip=defeat(击败)

slay=murder(谋杀)

soar=skyrocket(急剧上升)

spur=encourage(激励，鞭策)

swap=exchange(交流，交换)

sway=influence(影响)

trim=reduce(削减)

vie=compete(竞争)

vow=determine(决心，发誓)

weigh=consider(考虑)