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新托福写作考试技巧盘点

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新托福写作考试技巧盘点,我们一起来看看吧,下面小编就和大家分享,来欣赏一下吧。

新托福写作考试技巧盘点

1.指令一出来就立刻跳过。

你对指令应该已很熟悉,因此只要指令一出现就立刻用鼠标点Continue,将你的时间省下来用在答题上。如果综合写作任务的内容你并不熟悉,不要担心。新托福写作所有你需要回答的信息都包含在段落里。回答这些问题不需要有任何背景知识。

2.仔细地阅读材料。

你只有有限的阅读时间。阅读段落时,仔细记笔记。注意主要观点和主要的支持信息。不要写下你读到的所有内容。不要写下太多不必要的细节。

3.仔细听。

每段你只能听一次。考试时你不能重复这些段落。边听边仔细记笔记。不要写下你听到的所有内容。不要写下太多不必要的细节。主要要记下所听材料的要点即可。

4.组织自己的回答。

新托福写作技巧回答应包括说明阅读段落和听力段落之间关系的主题句、支持主题句的重要材料、关于阅读材料的一个段落、关于听力材料的一个段落。

5.利用过渡词使你的回答连贯。

如果能显示出回答的观点是如何相互关联的,你的回答就更易被读懂、理解。

6.坚持使用你所知道的词汇、句子结构和语法点。

这时不是你尝试新词汇、句子结构和语法点的时候。注意显示在计算机屏幕上标题栏内的时间。该标题栏显示本节考试所余时间、本节问题的总数、你所做问题的总数。

提前几分钟写完你的答案,留出编辑校对的时间。你应该利用最后的3~5分钟检查自己的回答,看看是否有句子结构问题和语法错误。

托福独立写作考试内容介绍

托福独立写作考什么:

独立写作试题。本部分需30分钟的时间,需要考生根据自己的知识和经验陈述、解释并支持对某一问题的看法。通常有效的回答应是一篇超过300个单词的作文。

考生可以自由选择材料、形式和观点等,不受题目的严格限制。本试题属于主观性题目。相比较而言,第二道题目考生更容易取得高分。

托福独立写作考试注意:

托福独立写作侧重于考察写作本身的能力,这里已经排除掉了阅读和听力的干扰。当然,你也可以说,作文题目也考查了阅读的能力,可是,您老人家如果题目都读不懂的话,阅读基本上也希望不大了。

但是在这里也必须澄清一个误区,也许是因为GRE作文的影响,当然也有可能是因为中国传统教育体系的影响,总是想追求最好的回答方式。

因此很多人都是在讨论,到底是3段支持好一点,还是2段支持1段中立,抑或是2段支持1段反对更好一点。其实这样的问题,在gre考试之中讨论一下还有意义,但是在托福考试中进行讨论,是完全没有意义的。

作中词汇与句型的应用

TOEFL写作中词汇的选用

首先,我们先来看看词汇量。所谓词汇量,从宏观出发指的是你所掌握的单词总数。比如说你为了参加托福考试,整日茶饭不思,大门不出在家苦苦求索,用无数大脑细胞换来的单词记忆量。这个首先保证的是你的阅读能力,当你看到这个单词的时候好像形同陌路,也有点似曾相识,但是可以很大程度上帮助你理解整篇文章的意思,如此一来,你做TOEFL阅读部分的时候,词汇量的大小决定了你对文章的认知程度。可是对于写作而言,这个单词量就要另当别论了,或许你可以有几万个单词在大脑里,可是谈到写作,就很难用单词量来衡量你的具体应用了;换句话说,你认识他们每一个人,但是他们是不是认识你就不好说了。

很多同学背单词的坚韧精神让我佩服不已,但一如既往地记忆的确很好,可是在写作方面还是有很多苦恼:一般是提笔忘字或者高级词汇的使用,还有就是句型过于简单罗列,使得整篇文章缺少亮点和层次感。想要避免提笔忘字,就要谈到词汇要怎么记忆了,纯粹的单词表记忆,破坏了单词之间的联系性,积累写作方面的单词,最好不要逐一地背单词表,按照字母顺序排列的单词,彼此之间的联系太少。针对这一特点,市场上TOEFL写作类的图书都做了很多调整,经常在每篇范文之后附加了文章中好的词汇和短语,这样在你学习了范文的写法之后,再回味一下文章中的词汇精华,一举两得。如果有充分的时间,可以选择一些文字类新闻多一些的英文网站,Yahoo,MSN之类的就不错。通过阅读新闻来积累单词,首先很多社会新闻可以成为我们写作的构思素材,其次多元化的新闻,不容易产生死背单词的枯燥感。

关于高级词汇在TOEFL写作中的应用,我觉得要顺其自然。有些考生总是喜欢找一些级别高的单词,甚至是被人冷落的单词进行记忆,这就好像让莎士比亚去考托福一样,级别相差太多。我见过很多学生,尤其是高中生,因为记忆力还保持在茂盛期,所以偏爱这种类型的记忆;这样做的优点在于你的单词量扩展得很好,基本可以参加GRE的考试,缺点就是牺牲太多时间,也会损害记忆能力。针对TOEFL考试,词汇上的升级其实也很简单,我们来看下边这个例子:

important ? significant ? magnificent

具体应用到句子中:

1. WTO is planning an important conference about commercial regulations.

2. It is a significant contribution to the society.

3. We have visited the magnificent Forbidden city.

这几个词大家都很熟悉,都有“重要,华丽”的意思。可是作为同级比较的形容词,它们之间的关系则是递进式的,其强调的重要或者华丽的程度也在逐渐提升。如果你按照这样的顺序来进行记忆,不但可以记牢这几个单词,而且可以得到如何应用的真谛。所以所谓的高级词汇的应用,要从基础开始,打好基础之后再进行积累,切忌操之过急。再来看看下边这个例子:

Humility humiliate humiliated humiliating

这几个词汇都是由humility衍生出来的,但是意思大不相同,humility是我们的传统美德,叫做“谦卑”,和pride正好是反义词;而humiliate却是“使人蒙尘”的意思,humiliate和humiliating 一般口语使用偏多,指的是“感觉很丢脸,没有面子”。例如:I feel humiliated 或者 it is humiliating. 有时候,与其花费大量时间去记忆新单词和词组,都不如在已经掌握的单词中进行联想性的扩展来的有效和实惠。其实道理很简单,说一个东西好,很好,到非常好,相当好,甚至好到不能再好,这是一个纵向比较的记忆方法,按照级别的不同进行选择性的记忆和使用。

我们再看看下边这个例子:

So amazing are these crewmembers that they have successfully accomplished space walk,what a briliant mission!

这句话是某英文网站对神舟七号的评价,这个属于句子的倒装,但是强调的内容是amazing。这个词意思很广泛,而且同义词也有很多,例如incredible, wonderful, 甚至unbelievable,这里用amazing是表示难以置信的好,类似incredible,是对太空行走这次任务完成的积极评价,这就是高级词汇的同等记忆了,这几个词都有“美妙,奇妙,难以置信”之类的意思,记忆的方法属于横向比较,也就是说,都是表示好到不能再好之类的意思,但是好的方向不同,所以单词的选择会有区别。

托福写作中句子句型的使用

我们来看看句子吧。如果说单词是句子的灵魂,那句子就是文章的基石,而句型则是不同品质的基石,可以让整篇文章充满多样的色彩,读起来让人很有兴趣。虽然句型的变化很多,可是针对TOEFL文章的特点,一篇接近300字的议论文,IBT在注重文章的完整性和一致性的同时,也需要文章有精彩的内容。可是文章篇幅有限,我们仅仅需要熟练地应用几个不同的句型,就一定会给评分人留下很深刻的印象了

句子中的修辞

我们看看下边的几个例句:

1. Knowledge will never lie

知之为知之,不知为不知,是智也。

这个句子使用了拟人的修辞手法,赋予了knowledge生命,形象化了知识的严谨性,同时也避免了直接翻译的繁琐冗长。

2. That information comes very impressively to everyone in the job market。

那一信息使所有正在找工作的人为之一震。

这个句子也间接使用了拟人的手法,人性化了Information这个词,come可以把人们接受信息的过程表达的更生动。

3. Confidence never fails to play a significant role in your entire life

自信在你一生中扮演极其重要的角色

这个句子中never和fail表示双重否定,用以加强肯定的成分。

这几种句子中的修辞手法都可以使句子的意思表达起来更生动,让人读起来容易接受,同时也避免了直接翻译的很多缺点。

强调句的应用和举例说明

孔子《论语》中的这个经典语句可谓家喻户晓,一句“有朋自远方来,不亦乐乎”道出了中华民族作为礼仪之邦的特点。在托福中,这句话可以应用在关于friendship的文章,这句话直译过来说的是:有朋友从很远的地方来看你难道不是一件很开心的事情吗?通过中文理解,我们知道这句话所强调的部分是:一件很开心的事情。“开心”有很多词汇可以选择,常用的有happy和glad,高级一点的有enjoyable和pleasant,再高级一点的还有incredible和delightful。应用到实际写作中,可以使用it is 做一个强调句来凸显这句话的特点,例如:

It’s delightful to have friends from distant lands。

在这个句子中,除了deightful以外,其他句子成分都很平常,每个人都会写,所以即使是评卷人看到这个句子也不会觉得稀奇,那么作为强调句,恰好是delightful这个词,代表了一种发自心底的喜悦和开心,让读过这个句子的人都有眼前一亮的感觉,这也就达到了强调句的作用。然而happy和glad也都有快乐之意,但是和delightful相比就显得不够级别了,明显高兴的程度不一样,delightful更能显示一种喜悦带来的兴奋,迎接千里迢迢来访的朋友这样的表达最恰当不过了。可以起到强调作用的句型结构有很多,我们能够用到的同位语从句和倒装句都有这样的作用,例如:

It is an undeniable fact that human activities harm the Earth.

这句话中that后边引导的就是要强调的内容,即an undeniable fact. 为了突出harm the Earth是一个不可否认的事实,做成这样一个句子。

Only through effective measures can the government resolve the dispute.

这句话强调的就是only后边的effective measures,而且翻译过来是只有同过有效的措施,强调的唯一性,无二法门。

为什么要倒装

从字面上解释,倒装句子的特点就是把句子倒过来说,这样的解释过于直白但却很实际。根据英语句型结构特点,因为要强调才会选择去倒装。我们看看下边的两个例子:

1. So severe is this problem that we have no alternative but to take some feasible measures to deal with it.

2. So amazing are these crewmembers that they have successfully accomplished space walk.

句子中划线的部分就是倒装结构的重点强调所在,关于倒装句的作用,前边已然讲过,这里就不多说了。在TOEFL的具体应用中,我们需要在写作实践里进行检验。

Only through education can we rise in the world.

Only by receiving education can we rise in the world.

从句什么时候使用

在托福写作中,从句句型还是应用比较广泛的,常用的主语、宾语从句,定语从句,还有我们讲过的同位语从句。我见过的托福写作范文中,包括CBT和IBT的两类作文,段落中从句出现的频率都是很高的,尤其是第一段introduction中,一般做背景介绍的时候都会使用宾语从句,例如:some people claim that… 在文章的主体部分中,为了体现句式的变化,各种从句交替应用就显得很重要;即使在iBT导入了first draft的概念之后,对文章的内容要求也没有改变要求,需要体现完整性和统一性。有一点值得注意,从句虽好,但不宜过多重复,这就好像美酒虽好,但不要贪杯的道理一样。好钢用在刀刃上,从句的优点是简单句不能比拟的,但只有简单句结合从句,才能体现句子的多变性;也只有全部的句子都为主题句服务,文章的整体性才会更好的体现。以下是议论文写作中比较好的一些从句例子:

1. Many experts claim that people should positively participate in garbage recycle.

宾语从句,一般出现在首段背景介绍部分。

2. Horror movies, in which there might be bleeding and terrifying scenes, are not recommended for children.

定语从句,一般在主体部分中比较常见,用以解释说明,达到简化句子的目的。

3. As long as you are a student, you should always behave yourself.

状语从句,让步状语从句比较常见的使用although或者though来引导,这里介绍一个使用as long as来引导的句子,这个例句可以解释成做一天和尚撞一天钟。

4. When it comes to psychology, most people believe that it is a behavioral study.

时间状语从句,例句中的应用表示了“当谈到…的时候”,这是一种美式英语中经常出现的句式,口语和书面语都可以使用,推荐各位掌握。

谚语的选择和使用方法

谚语,即proverb。很多都陪伴我们一路成长,有很多的警世名言都可以应用到写作中,可以给你的文章提升说服力。谚语的应用一般要注意一下几点:

第一, 要考虑到东西方文化的差异。毕竟我们的文章是给外国友人欣赏的,所以要注意谚语的背景。说句不客气的话,我们上下五千年的历史长河里流淌了太多的文化,有太多东西让这些可爱的阅卷人看不懂了。

例如:no pain, no gain 不劳无获,no sacrifice , no gain 不入虎穴,焉得虎子

这两个no…no…的成语很多人都知道,其含义可以被全世界人接受,所以在TOEFL的文章中被频繁使用。 但是,no hunt, no bark 这个成语,直译过来是说不去打猎就不需要听到狗叫了,成语里的典故讲的是韩信说过的一句话:鸟尽弓藏,兔死狗烹。这句话我们很容易理解,而因为文化背景的区别,从原文理解起来对西方逻辑有点困难,所以不建议各位在托福的写作中应用。

第二, 学会灵活地运用谚语。挑选谚语是第一步,接下来的就是你如何去使用它了。比较常见的是作为主旨句出现在段落之中,这个前边提到了一些,例如:Knowledge will never lie 和It’s delightful to have friends from distant lands。表示友谊重要性的还有Friendship never sinks即友谊之船永不沉没,等等。

以下提供一些写作中比较常见的好的谚语,希望各位斟酌使用。

Practice makes perfect 熟能生巧

Patience is the road to understanding 理解万岁

All roads lead to Rome 条条大路通罗马

Attitudes define everything. 态度决定一切

Every coin has its two sides. 有利有弊

One’s meat is another’s poison. 己所不欲,勿施于人

讲了这么多的句型和从句,应用起来也要注意方法,切忌移花接木,强买强卖。我见过很多考生喜欢写强调句,因为格式简单,模仿起来也容易,但是如果在每一个段落都出现倒装或者强调句,那也就不能凸现强调的意义了,反而让人感觉重复,索然无味。有些时候文章的段落里是不需要大篇幅应用从句的,强行介入的从句反而会使句子读起来文字繁冗罗列,好像负担很重的样子;谚语的使用要谨慎小心,合理的使用可以让阅卷人对你佩服的五体投地,盲目的应用可能会让人曲解你所表达的意思,所以我们不要做画蛇添足的事,对于TOEFL文章而言,更多精力要放在段落的整体性上,不需要应用的语法和词汇就干脆不用,宁缺毋滥。

构思协调结构,结构配合论证,论证揣摩方法,文章才会有整体感和说服力;单词组成句子,句子形成段落,段落构成文章,不仅仅针对TOEFL,任何一篇好的文章都不是一个孤立的个体,而是一点一滴积累起来的,有一种群拥而起的感觉。文章中闪光的词汇和句型,都是点滴的精华,使得你的文章可以让人读后有一种赏心悦目的感觉,如果这样的话,你的作文就成功了,因为只有读者说好的文章才是真正意义上的好文章。

以下贡献一篇IBT托福的议论文范文,文章结构上遵循规则,总分总的格式贯穿到底。内容上句式寻求清晰明了,语言也符合first draft的要求,论证则以例证为主导,通篇阅读下来有很好的整体性, 推荐各位考生模仿。

Private highway or Public transportation

I believe that our government should spend more money on transportation. Here is why.

First of all, public transportation such as buses and subways can deliver a great amount of people at the same time. For instance, subways can always transfer hundreds of people to their destinations as soon as possible. Long distance buses will give a handful of help to many people who work in a different city as they live. In addition, local buses are heroes for making our everyday life easier.

Secondly, public transportation can effectively relieve the traffic congestion in rush hour. For example, living in a metropolitan like New York or Toronto, people are highly recommended to take public transportation. Not only the gasoline price today is scaring people away, but they always agree that it can take them forever to get out of a traffic jam in rush hour.

Last but not least, buses and subways today are typically powered by low emission fuels and even electricity. The government should realize that this will make a great contribution to the city’s environment. In the other hand, environmental problem has been raised as a global concern. I think our government should not consider the future impact of car emissions at last; otherwise they will eventually spend more money from their budget to save the environment.

As a matter of fact, highway improvement is somehow required as well. Nowadays, in the city I am living, almost every family owns a car. My parents are living outside the city, they drive to work everyday. In holidays, they will invite me to have a trip. We can plan the trip wherever we want to go. People have more freedom to travel with cars, and it turns out that highways are always occupied during weekend.

To conclude, public transportation requires more attention from our government. For instance, such as the quality of buses, the appropriate increase of routes and the safety concerns.

托福写作满分作文学习

68 Some people think governments should spend as much money as possible exploring outer space (for example, traveling to the Moon and to other planets). Other people disagree and think governments should spend this money for our basic needs on Earth. Which of these two opinions do you agree with? Use specific reasons and details to support your answer.

When we see photographs of starving children, it’s hard to say that we should spend billions of dollars on space exploration. But that’s just what we should do. Children don’t need to be starving, but we do need to explore space. Right now, we have enough money to feed every person on Earth. Children are starving because of mismanagement of resources and simple human greed. Those are problems we can solve right here on earth. That shouldn’t stop our need to find out what’s beyond our own solar system.

We may never make contact with whatever other species there may be out there in space. Even so, there are still two very practical and positive consequences of space exploration. One is a certainty and the other is a possibility. The certainty is medical research. Yes, we can conduct research here on earth. But much of the research done in space, for example, on the effects of gravity on bone marrow, is making a difference in medicine here on Earth. When we do research in space, we also learn more about space exploration. Also, many of the inventions that were developed for space travel have been adapted to good use on Earth.

The possible consequence of space exploration is finding another planet human beings can colonize. Overpopulation is a huge problem on our planet. People are living longer, more healthful lives, and that’s a good thing. But it means there are fewer people dying and more people being born. Eventually we’ll have less space, fewer resources, and major distribution problems. If we can find another planet to live on, we can relieve the problems of overpopulation on our planet.

It’s a tragedy that there are human beings suffering on Earth. However, if we wait until everyone has a perfect life, we will never explore space—and that , too, would be a kind of tragedy.

69 People have different ways of escaping the stress and difficulties of modern life. Some read; some exercise; others work in their gardens. What do you think are the best ways of reducing stress? Use specific details and examples to support your answer.

Stress is one of our biggest enemies. It affects our health, our personality, and our relationships with others. In order to get rid of stress. I first have to identify the cause. I have different antidotes to stress depending on the cause. The most common types of stress I face are with work, with friends, and with myself.

Work-related stress is the easiest to combat. I simply stop working for a while. If I find myself picking up the same piece of paper four times a day and never doing anything with it, I blame stress. The best thing to do is to do something else. Sometimes, I get up from my desk and go down the hall to talk to my colleagues, but I don’t talk about work related subjects. Other times, I will take a short walk around the block and get some fresh air. Work-related stress can be cured by getting away from the work.

Stress caused by friends is more difficult to cure. Often the cause is more complicated. My friends could have a personal problem that causes them and me both anxiety. Or my friends could be angry at me or vice versa. Here, the cure for stress is talking about the problem and being with my friends. Unlike work, you can’t walk away from your friends.

Stress I cause myself is also not so easy to get rid of. If I feel bothered by an exam or anxious about the future, there is very little for me to do. I just have to tell myself that I can only do my best and leave the rest up to fate.

It is important to try to lead a stress-free life. If you can avoid stress by walking away form it (like at work), talking through it (like with your friends) or facing it head on (like with yourself), your health, personality and relationships will benefit.

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