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托福口语5种错误的代词使用方法实例详解

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词汇是托福考试的基础,也是一个重要的考察点,考生在平时除了积累词汇,还需要对不同类型词汇的使用方法有所了解。今天小编给大家带来托福口语5种错误的代词使用方法实例详解,希望可以帮助到大家,下面小编就和大家分享,来欣赏一下吧。

托福口语5种错误的代词使用方法实例详解

第一种错误与反身代词的使用有关

反身代词表示“某人自己”,比如“Many children are addicted to computer games and they cannot control themselves at all.”教学中笔者发现,学生清楚这种用法,但是不会表达“某人自己的”这个概念,总是说“Teenagers cannot control themselves behaviours”。这句话中,themselves要改为their own才能体现出“某人自己的”这层意思。因此,考生在口语表达时要格外留意这个点。

第二种错误是“格”出了问题。

最常见的情况是本该用形容词性物主代词(比如their),结果误用了代词的主格或宾格(比如用成了they或者them),或者在主格和宾格之间未能区分清楚(比如分不清they和them)。一个典型的例子是“Some graduates are proud of their diplomas; however, companies regard they as nothing.”。句中regard后面应接宾语,所以they应该改为them才对。

第三种常见错误是一个句子中代词的频繁转换,即所谓pronoun shift.

典型的例子是“When one searches on the Internet, you will potentially get onto illegal websites, which will cause negative consequences to us.”在这句话中one,you和us未能保持一致,让考官不知所云。应该修改为“When searching on the Internet, we may potentially get onto illegal websites, which will cause negative consequences to us.”

第四种常见错误是代词在“性别”上未能与被指代对象保持一致

这在学生的口语中是常见问题。比如学生所说这句话“Studying in a co-educational school, a girl may concentrate more on popular boys, which may cause ignorance of his study.”显然,his的出现与句子主语a girl是不相符合的,应该改为her。

第五种错误是代词在“数”上未能与被指代对象保持一致。

在“Girls are easy to be persuaded to buy cosmetics, because she always wants to be pretty.”中,主语是girls,为复数,但是原因状语从句中的代词却是she。改正的方法便是将she改为they体现“数”的一致,同时将wants改为want,实现从句内部的主谓一致。最终结果为“Girls are easy to be persuaded to buy cosmetics, because they always want to be pretty.”。

托福口语中如何利用动词词组

OUT: 表示向外

drop out; 跟quit同义即为退出;

托福口语题目:

Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: A person should study in the university to be successful.

如果我们不同意的话可以加一句:There are lots of successful business men who drop out of university, like Steve Jobs, Bill Gates and Mark Zuckerburg.

sort it out/figure it out/ work it out: 都是解决问题的意思。

如果是加入something的话需放在词组后面如:

在第五题中可以使用这句话:He has two possible solutions to sort out the scheduling problem.

OFF:表示开始或者结束:

比如表示开始的:take off; The plane is about to take off. 飞机马上就要起飞了。

set off: I am setting off tomorrow on a business trip to America. 明天我去美国商务旅行。

kick off: The meeting kicks off at four o'clock sharp. 会议四点准时开始。

表示结束的有:

switch off:stop giving your attention to someone or something译为停止对一件事件的关注;

托福口语题目:

Some students prefer to study for only one long time during a week. Others students prefer to study for several short times during a week. Which way do you prefer and why? Use specific reasons and examples to support your choice.

如果你选的是把学习的时间分为几段的话就可以说这么一句话:It's nice just to switch off, forget about study once in a while and do something fun like playing some sports, go fishing or even mountain climbing.

round off: 以X.X.X 为结束;

在Describe a memorable activity with your friend. 这道题中我们以这句话结束:

We rounded off the activity with happiness.

托福口语中有哪些外来词

1、Karaoke 卡拉OK

Language of Origin: Japanese

来源语:日语

About the Word:

It comes from the Japanese kara ("empty") + ōke, short for ōkesutora ("orchestra").

该词来源语日语的kara(空的)和ōke(“乐团”的缩写),即“空荡荡的乐团”。

Karaoke became popular in Japan among businessmen in the late 1970s, and gained widespread popularity in the U.S. in the late 1980s.

上世纪70年代后期,卡拉OK开始在日本商务人士当中流行起来,上世纪80年代后期盛行于美国。

2、Kowtow 屈从、献媚

Language of Origin: Chinese

来源语:汉语

About the Word:

It comes from the Chinese kòutóu – kòu ("to knock") plus tóu ("head") – and originally referred to kneeling and touching one's head to the ground as a salute or act of worship to a revered authority.

该词来源语汉语里的“叩头”一词,即以双膝跪地、头触地的形式对权重人士表示尊敬。

The noun arrived in English in the early 1800s, and within a few decades had taken on the "fawn" or "suck up" verb meaning we use today.

该词在19世纪早期被吸纳进英语词汇,后来几十年间,该词在英语中的意思逐渐固定为“巴结、献媚”。

3、Ketchup 番茄酱

Language of Origin: Malay

来源语:马来语

About the Word:

This all-American condiment started out as a spicy, fermented fish sauce in Malaysia.

如今已成为美国标志性佐料的番茄酱最开始在马来西亚起源时其实是一种带辣味的发酵鱼露。

That version, known as kěchap, made its way first to Europe and then to the New World, where tomatoes eventually became the defining ingredient.

那种鱼露的名字叫kěchap,最先传到欧洲,然后才到达美洲新大陆,在那里,kěchap的主料逐渐变成了番茄。

Elsewhere, ketchup retains an earlier identity. Traditional English ketchup, for example, is a pureed seasoning based on mushrooms, unripe walnuts, or oysters.

在其他国家,番茄酱仍然保留原来的配料。例如,传统的英式番茄酱是由蘑菇、尚未成熟的核桃或牡蛎制成的酱料。

4、Hazard 危险

Language of Origin: Arabic

来源语:阿拉伯语

About the Word:

Hazard dates to the time of the Crusaders and involves a game of chance.

Hazard一词的来源要追溯到十字军东征时期,与投机游戏有关。

According to the most likely theory, the original hazard ("al-zahr," in Arabic) was a die. Players would roll the dice and bet on the outcome.

可能性最高的一种说法是,hazard最开始其实就是个骰子。玩家通过掷骰子、猜点数来赌输赢。

English got the word from French. In English, hazard eventually came to name any chance, risk, or source of danger.

英语中的hazard一词来源于法语,指机遇、风险或危险的源头。

提高托福口语需要注意的四点

第一,简单句和复合句的配合

在托福口语表达中,不讲究太多的语法内容,主要是简洁明了的表达清楚自己的观念和内容。换而言之,也就是在口语表达中,只要保证自己语法的正确,尽量学会短句多、长句少这样的配合方式即可。同时建议大家如果能添加一些俚语的使用就更加完美。

第二、经典五要素的使用

在口语表达内容中,西方人不是过于讲究文字的修饰,而更加讲求真实。所以,对于谁,在什么时间什么地点做了什么事情,理由是什么?在内容中有严格的要求,也就是WHO WHAT WHY WHERE HOW这五大要素。只有在文章拥有了这五大要素才能拥有一段逻辑严密的口语内容。

第三、精准词汇的控制

在托福口语中,究竟需要拥有多少词汇才能开始精彩的文章表述?其实,对于这一词汇量没有具体的数量,一般来说2500左右。但是,需要我们了解的就是,如果在口语表述中能成功使用一些动词、连词、俚语等等,则能更加突出口语的精彩的口语表达感觉。

第四、口语的不断练习

想要拥有对于托福口语思路透彻的理解,那么真题练习时必不可少的。所以大家在练习的过程中将方法和要素融入真题中,从中不断领悟口语出题的规律。







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