新概念英语第二册第17课:Always young

　Lesson 17 Always young青春常驻

　　First listen and then answer the question.
　　听录音，然后回答以下问题。
　　Why doesn't Aunt Jennifer tell anyone how old she is?
　　My aunt Jennifer is an actress. She must be at least thirty-five years old. In spite of this, she often appears on the stage as a young girl. Jennifer will have to take part in a new play soon. This time, she will be a girl of seventeen. In the play, she must appear in a bright red dress and long black stockings. Last year in another play, she had to wear short socks and a bright, orange-coloured dress. If anyone ever asks her how old she is, she always answers, 'Darling, it must be terrible to be grown up!'
　　我的姑姑詹妮弗是位演员，她至少也有35岁了。尽管如此，她却常在舞台上扮演小姑娘。詹妮弗很快又要参加一个新剧的演出。这一次，她将扮演一个17岁 的少女。演出时她必须穿一条鲜红色的裙子和黑色的长筒袜。去年在演另一个剧时，她不得不穿短袜和一件鲜艳的橘红色的衣服。一旦有人问起她有多大年纪，她总 是回答：“亲爱的，长成大人真可怕啊！”

　　New words and expressions 生词和短语
　　appear
　　v. 登场，扮演
　　stage
　　n. 舞台
　　bright
　　adj. 鲜艳的
　　stocking
　　n. （女用）长筒袜
　　sock
　　n. 短袜

　　Notes on the text课文注释
　　1 She must be at least thirty-five years old.她至少也有35岁了。
　　must he，一定是，表示对现在情况的一种推测，带有一定的肯定程度。at least，至少。
　　2 in spite of,尽管
　　3 in a bright red dress，穿一身鲜红色的裙子，介词in表示“穿着”。
　　4 orange-coloured，橘红色的。
　　5 grown up，成熟的，成人的。

　Lesson 17 自学导读First things first

　　课文详注 Further notes on the text
　　1. She must be at least thirty-five years old.她至少也有35岁了。
　　(1)at least 是一固定短语，表示“至少”：
He borrowed at least five books from the library.
他从图书馆至少借了5本书。
If you can't clean the car,you can at least help me to clean it.
如果你不能擦车，你至少可以帮我擦。
　　(2)我们已学过两种年龄表示法。一种是“数字+years old”,作表语：
My father is fifty-seven years old now.
我父亲现在已57岁了。
　　另一种是"数字+-year-old"，作定语:
Last week,my four-year-old daughter,Sally,was invited to a children's party.
上周，我4岁的女儿萨莉应邀去参加一个儿童晚会。

　　2. In spite of this... 尽管如此…
　　(1) in spite of 为固定短语，意为“不管”、“‘尽管”，后面可以跟名词、代词或从句;
In spite of the rain,they went on their journey.
尽管下雨，他们还是继续旅行。
In spite of what you have said about her,she is much better than Mary.
不管你说她什么，她比玛丽要好得多。
　　(2) this代指上句话，即“她至少也有35岁”这个事实。

　　3. This time, she will be a girl of seventeen.这一次，她将扮演一个17岁的少女。
　　be在这里是“扮演”的意思:
Tonight ,Karen Marsh is Helen.
今晚卡伦·马什扮演海伦。

　　4 .In the play, she must appear in a bright red dress and long black stockings.演出时她必须穿一条鲜红色的裙子和黑色的长筒袜。
　　(1) in在这句话中表示“穿着”、“戴着”:
The girl in red over there is my neighbour.
那边那个穿红衣服的女孩是我的邻居。
John was in a black dress this morning.
约翰今天上午穿的是件黑衣服。
　　(2) dress一般指连衣裙、套裙，也可以指外穿的衣服或特定场合穿的礼服:
Everyone is in evening dress tonight.
今晚大家都穿了晚礼服。

　　5. Darling,it must be terrible to be grown up!亲爱的，长成大人真可怕啊！
　　(1) it为先行词，代替to be grown up，这个不定式是句子真正的主语。再如:
it is a pleasant thing to have many friends.
有许多朋友是件令人愉悦的事。
　　(2) 这句话的言外之意是她还没有长成大人，还是个小姑娘，因为她用的是表示推测的must(cf.本课语法)

　　语法 Grammar in use
　　情态助动词must
　　(1) must一般译为“必须”，可以表示“必要”、“命令或强制”、“邀请”、“决心”、“不可推卸的责任”等多种含义。它没有时态和人称变化，通常只用于现在时和将来时。在其他时态中，must的有些含义可以由have to或have got to来补足。这3种形式一般可以互换，但彼此是有差别的。用于第一人称时，have to和have got to强调客观的要求或外在的原因，must则强调主观的要求或表示说话的人认为自己有权做某事:
I have to look after the baby.
我得照管这孩子。(因为客观原因)
I must see the boss.
我必须见老板。(主观要求)
They must leave(tomorrow).
他们(明天)必须出发。
They had to leave.
他们(当时)不得不出发。(过去时中用have to代替)
They have had to leave.
他们(当时)不得不出发。
　　(2) have to和have got to往往可以互换:
I have to/have got to leave home every morning at 7:30.
我每天早上7点半就得离开家。
但是，与always,sometimes等频度副词连用时，用have to往往比用have got to好:
I often have to get up at 5.Do you ever have to get up at 5?
我经常5点就得起床。你有时候也得5点起床吗?
have got to 比have to听上去要更加口语化一些:
Have you really got to go to bed now?
你真的现在就得上床睡觉吗?
I'm afraid I've got to.I have to leave early tomorrow.
恐怕我必须得去睡了。我明天必须一早就出发。
　　(3)在表达“难道你不能不(做...)”的含义时，一般用“Must you ..?”句型而不用
“Do you have to…?”或“Have you got to..?”句型:
Must you leave now?
难道你非得现在就走吗?
I'm afraid so.I have to study for an exam.
恐怕是的。我得准备一个考试。
　　(4) must从还可以用来表示推测:
He must be at home now.
他现在肯定在家。
He must be mad to drive anywhere today!
他今天居然开车出去，真是疯了!

　　词汇学习 Word study
　　1 . appear vi.
　　(1)出现，显露:
Suddenly, a car appeared.
突然，一辆小汽车出现了。
　　(2)当众露面;登场(演出等):
I can't appear in this dress at the party.
我不能在晚会上穿着这身衣服露面。
Miss Marsh will appear in tonight's play.
在今晚的这场剧中,马什小姐将会登场。
　　(3) 似乎，看起来好像(与seem同义):
She appears to know you.
她似乎认识你。
Now it appears you are wrong.
现在看来你是错的。

　　2. grow vi.
　　(1)生长，成长，发育:
Trees of this kind don't grow in our country.
我们国家不长这种树。
How tall you've got!You've grown a lot.
你已经这么高了!你长了不少。
　　(2)grow up长成，成熟(其被动态表示长大成人):
Lucy has grown up a lot since I last saw her.
自从我上次见到她之后，露西已成熟了许多。
What do you want to do when you're grown up?
等你长大了，你想干什么?

　　3. as的几种用法
　　(1)作为介词，它可以表示“作为”、“以...身份”等:
In this film,he appeared as a policeman.
在这部影片中，他扮演一名警察。
As a mechanic,he can't always keep himself clean.
作为一名机修工，他无法总保持身上干净。
　　(2)作为连词，它可以表示“因为”、“正当...时候”、“以...方式”或“如同...那样”等含义:
You must take care of the baby tomorrow as I am going to London.
由于我要去伦敦，你明天必须照料这孩子。(因为，由于)
As we were talking about him,he knocked at the door.
我们正谈论他的时候，他敲门了。(正当...时候)
She cooked the dinner as her mother taught her.
她按母亲教她的方式做了晚餐。(以……方式〕

　Lesson 17 课后练习和答案Exercises and Answer